A Fast Literature Search Engine based on top-quality journals, by Dr. Mingze Gao.
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Results 194 resources
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The importance of seigniorage relative to other sources of government revenue differs markedly across countries. This paper tries to explain this regularity by studying a political model of tax reform. The model implies that countries with a more unstable and polarized political system will have more inefficient tax structures and, thus, will rely more heavily on seigniorage. This prediction of the model is tested on cross-sectional data for seventy countries. The authors find that, after controlling for other variables, political instability is positively associated with seigniorage. Copyright 1992 by American Economic Association.
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Including data from the 1980s sharply weakens the postwar time-series evidence indicating significant relationships between money (however defined) and nominal income or between money and either real income or prices separately. Focusing on data from 1970 onward destroys this evidence altogether. Evidence indicating cointegration of real income and real money balances, with due allowance for the effect of interest rates, also deteriorates when the sample extends through the 1980s. A positive finding is that the spread between the commercial paper rate and the Treasury bill rate consistently contains highly significant information about future movements in real income. Copyright 1992 by American Economic Association.
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Aggregation in the presence of data-processing lags distorts the information content of data, violating orthogonality restrictions that hold at the individual level. Though the phenomenon is general, it is illustrated here for the life-cycle-permanent-income model. Cross-section and pooled-panel data induce information-aggregation bias akin to that in aggregate time series. Calculations show that information aggregation can seriously bias tests of the life-cycle model on aggregate time series, cross-section, and pooled-panel data. Copyright 1992 by American Economic Association.
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This paper constructs a stationary rational-expectations equilibrium in which an extraneous random variable, called animal spirits, causes fluctuations in unemployment. The model assumes costly matching in the labor market and a thin-market externality in the output market that makes the profitability of hiring depend positively on the number of firms hiring. The equilibrium does not rely on any effect of expected inflation on labor supply. It is also stable under learning; Bayesian updating induces convergence to the equilibrium with positive probability even if people start with no definite belief that animal spirits affect the profitability of hiring. Copyright 1992 by American Economic Association.
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In this paper, the authors build on the recent literature on coordination problems to construct a model in which there is potential for low-output equilibrium. The authors show that the conditions that guarantee interior Walrasian equilibria, in conjunction with a continuity restriction on strategies, rule out equilibria with extremely low levels of activity (zero activity), which is a distinguishing feature of many existing models. They study the case of separability and show that there is no rationing and, hence, no equilibrium unemployment. In addition, in a numerical example, the authors find that there is a unique symmetric equilibrium. Copyright 1992 by American Economic Association.