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Sur la Loi de la Demande

Econometrica 1936 4(2), 153
Si N = N(t) indique un nombre d'unites du bien qui dans un certain domaine 6conomique [resp. dans un certain ensemble des personnes] ont trouv6 du d6bit dans l'instant t et si p = p(t) est le prix d'une unit6 de ce bien derive directement de l'observation, alors les individus qui soient actifs en 6conomie d6cident de la quantite d'unit6s achetees non seulement selon la hauteur du niveau de prix p(t) [outre les autres facteurs importants], mais aussi 1. selon le veritable changement du prix qui se produisit pendant une courte periode immediatement avant le moment t, et 2. selon le changement du prix suppose dans la courte periode future apres le moment t.' Soit to le moment d'observation et h>0 la longueur de l'intervalle de temps. Supposons que la fonction p(t) a la d6riv6e de gauche D-p(to) dans le point to et introduisons sur l'intervalle to < t to+h/2 la fonction X=x(t) de la qualit6 que dans to existe la deriv6e du droit D+X(to). La forme de la fonction x il faut choisir selon la categorie du bien 6conomique. Que ci-apr6s tout au moins ces deux conditions soient remplies:

Comments on the Macrodynamic Theory of Business Cycles

Econometrica 1936 4(4), 356
CERTAIN questions have arisen' concerning my macrodynamic theory of business cycles2 which I consider of sufficient importance to warrant a detailed answer. I also wish to complete some parts of my original study which I think were presented too briefly. 1. Tinbergen makes the statement concerning my original article that, remarkably enough, prices do not appear at all in the theory.3 It can be easily shown that in reality my basic equation implies the dependence of investment activity on the ratio of prices to wages. My basic equation was4

Note on Shifts in Demand and Supply Curves

Econometrica 1935 3(4), 428
DESCRIPTIONS of the shifting of demand and supply curves frequently are confusing. Some authors use the words up and down, others vertical and horizontal, while still a third group prefers right and left. Recently one writer' attempted to prove that a shift of the demand curve to the right graphically is the same as a shift upward, but he apparently failed to perceive that the demonstration was necessarily limited to the special case of a negatively sloping straight line.2 Under this particular restriction, clearly a shift upward a shift to the right, a shift downward-=a shift to the left.