Diversification by banks affects the systemic risk of the sector. Importantly, Wagner (2010) shows that linear diversification increases systemic risk. We consider the case of securitization, whereby loan portfolios are sliced into tranches with different seniority levels. We show that tranching offers nonlinear diversification strategies, which can reduce the failure risk of individual institutions beyond the minimum level attainable by linear diversification without increasing systemic risk.

There are numerous aspects concerning financial regulation which the current financial turmoil has high-lighted. These include: (1) the form of deposit insurance; (2) bank solvency regimes, ‘prompt corrective action’; (3) Central Banks’ money market operations; (4) commercial bank liquidity risk management; (5) procyclicality of CARs (and mark-to-market); lack of counter-cyclical instruments; (5) boundaries of regulation, conduits, SIVs and reputational risk; (6) crisis management: (a) within countries, e.g. UK Tripartite Committee; or (b) cross-border, how to allocate the burden of cross-border defaults? This paper describes how the crisis exposed regulatory failings, drawing largely on UK experience, and suggests remedies.

This paper re-examines the Ou and Penman (1989) conclusion that fundamental analysis identifies equity values not currently reflected in stock prices, and thus systematically predicts abnormal returns. Their fundamental summary measure Pr, the estimated probability of an earnings increase, also proxies for firm size and CAPM risk. After controlling cross-sectional differences in CAPM beta and firm size, no significant incremental predictive ability is attributable to Pr. The Pr measure is interpreted as a proxy for expected return differences rather than as new evidence of a systematic market underreaction to the future earnings signal inherent in current financial statements.

Abnormal returns (market model prediction errors) are the subject of many event studies in accounting and finance literature. Conditional on the event of interest, researchers have recently used cross-sectional regressions to examine relations between abnormal returns and firm specific variables. This paper demostrates that non-constant variences and covariances in market model residuals across firms introduced bias in the estimated slope coefficients of the independent variables, i.e., the expected signs of the estimated slope coefficients can be predicted a priori. A method is develope to removed the bias in the estimated slope coefficiets and is found to be effective. This method explicitly takes the dependence among abnormal returns across firms into account. Methods that assume abnormal returns across firms to be independent do not control for such bias.

ABSTRACT We develop a measure of how information events impact investors' expectations of risk. The measure is broadly applicable and simple to implement. We derive it from an option‐pricing model, where investors anticipate an announcement that simultaneously conveys information on the announcer's expected future cash flows and risk profile. We empirically implement the measure using firms' earnings announcements, showing that it closely aligns with our model's predictions and offers strong forecasting power for firms' risk profiles, costs of capital, and future investments. We further highlight pitfalls of using simple changes in option‐implied volatilities to study information gleaned from earnings announcements. Finally, we apply our measure to study disclosure regulation, the efficacy of text‐based proxies, and market‐wide events, which we use to illustrate our measure's uses, and illuminate its potential limitations.

Journal Article Lemmas for a Theory of Approximate Optimal Growth Get access C. C. von Weizsäcker C. C. von Weizsäcker University of Heidelberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 34, Issue 1, January 1967, Pages 143–151, https://doi.org/10.2307/2296575 Published: 01 January 1967

Journal Article Tentative Notes on a Two Sector Model with Induced Technical Progress Get access C. C. von Weizsäcker C. C. von Weizsäcker University of Heidelberg, Germany Alfred Weber Institut Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 33, Issue 3, July 1966, Pages 245–251, https://doi.org/10.2307/2974418 Published: 01 July 1966

Abstract This paper provides the first systematic evidence on a recent industry innovation: money market funds offering multiple intraday NAV strikes and redemption windows. Emerging after the 2016 floating-NAV reforms, these multistrike funds hold safer, more liquid assets than traditional single-strike funds offering end-of-day redemptions, yet face substantially larger outflows during periods of market stress. Our findings point to a structural concentration of liquidity-sensitive investors in multistrike funds, revealing how fund microstructure influences run dynamics among sophisticated institutions. Despite evolving liquidity requirements, the core behavioral and structural differences we identify remain highly relevant for evaluating ongoing and future regulatory reforms