I. Human nature and economic behavior, 405. — II. An extension of scientific method in economics, 408. — III. An enlargement of value theory, 417. — IV. Control of distributive shares, 423. — V. The increase of production, with decreased human costs, 427. — VI. A science of consumers' choices, 430. — VII. The integration of monographic researches, 434. — VIII. Some old ideals and their present realization, 438.
The accounting course is distinctive in four respect. Probably the least important of these lies in the nature of the departmental organization. The business courses are divided into two departments, based on operating and non-operating business functions. The former include marketing, purchasing, and production, the latter, accounting, statistics, and finance. One have found that the general subject matter in the department of accounting and finance harmonizes with excellent effect, aid that courses are given with a minimum of overlapping material. Internal statistics are the product of the system of records in any given business. External statistics are largely the product of records of other companies. In discussing problems in business finance, therefore, such things as financial conditions, ratios and application of funds, and bond issues, are studied without the usual handicap of distinguishing between accounting method and financial policy. In the introductory course of the department the students get training in the preparation of a budget, the keeping of accounts, and the use of banking facilities.
According to the article author, the term "bookkeeping approach," is a misnomer. Much more is involved than the term implies. It should be called the accounting foundation, without which no real worthwhile accounting superstructure can ever be built. The subject of bookkeeping approach really resolves itself into a question of bookkeeping method. Book-keeping method and pedagogy constitute the "open forum" in commercial work today. There is an increasing feeling among book- keeping teachers that "all is not well in educational Egypt." Many of the most progressive teachers are realizing that we have never got to first base in the development of a mound bookkeeping pedagogy. Bookkeeping is to-day an acknowledged factor in secondary education. It has acquired its present permanent footing in the face of determined criticism and opposition on the part of many educators. And very few subjects have in so short a time obtained such a firm and universal footing in high school curricula. In the beginning, the high school Inherited the textbooks, the teachers, and the methods of the business college. Measured by present educational standards, all of these were extremely inadequate. Thanks to a number of conditions, the teaching element has greatly improved.
Introductory, 361. — The bill obligatory, 363. — The Privy Seal demand note, 364. — The debenture, 366. — The payment order, 369. — The repayment order, or "order of loan, " 370. — The fiduciary order, or "order of the Exchequer, " 370. — The tally, 371. — Post-Restoration innovations, 372. — The circulation of fiduciary orders, 373. — The "Stop" of the Exchequer, 373. — A general classification of Carolean paper orders, 374. — Specimen copies of Carolean repayment, and fiduciary orders, 376. — Important characteristics of these orders, 379. The goldsmith banker's "running cash" note, 379. — The earliest metropolitan engraved promissory notes, 379. — The earliest provincial engraved promissory notes, 380. — The bill of exchange and its development, 383. — The emergence of assignability, 383. — Malynes, Marius, and Scarlett on bills of exchange, 384. — The "outland" and the "inland" bill, 386. — The assignability of the promissory note, 386. — The earliest cheques, 389. — The demand note upon the Exchequer, 390. — The Auditor of the Receipt's note, 391. — The origin of Exchequer bills, 393. — The Bank of England's earliest paper money, 397. — The Bank's sealed bill, 397. — The Bank's promissory note, 399. — The Bank's "accomptable" note, 400. — The Bank's "lettered" note, 401. — The Bank's "specie" note, 401. — The Banker's annuity order, 402.