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Theoretical and econometric models are developed to examine joint wage-labor participation and hours decisions of a husband and wife in farm households. The econometric model is multiple equation and recursive. The specification of the off-farm labor supply equation of the husband (wife) depends on whether his (her) wife (husband) does or does not work off the farm, and this structure is endogenous. The model is fitted to data for Iowa farm households. The main conclusion is that the off-farm labor supply equation of a married individual differs significantly depending on whether his or her spouse also works for a wage.

This study presents an econometric examination of the joint decisions of farmers on the adoption of a microcomputer and (or) purchased computers services. The characteristics of a farmer--schooling, age, off-farm work--are shown to be important variables for explaining the odds of adopting purchased computers services only, a microcomputer only, and both computer technologies. Adoption of computer technologies seems to occur in farming operations where they can be expected to greatly enhance the efficiency.

Jyoti Khanna, Wallace E. Huffman, Todd Sandler, Agricultural Research Expenditures in the United States: A Public Goods Perspective, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 76, No. 2 (May, 1994), pp. 267-277