The Chenille Axminster Carpet Manufacture Get access Arthur H. Cole Arthur H. Cole Harvard University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 39, Issue 1, November 1924, Pages 136–144, https://doi.org/10.2307/1883958 Published: 01 November 1924
I. The change from handicraft to machine, 384. — II. The intensification of capitalism, 386. — III. Strikes and the sterilization of capital, 387. — IV. Neither cooperation nor socialism possible as a remedy, 390. — V. Existing tendencies lead to capitalistic feudalism, 391. — VI. The alternative is industrial dualism, 393.— VII. Thus can democracy be maintained, capitalistic feudalism averted, 395.
Significance of par value, 441. — Difficulties arising from its use, 444. — Removal of par value as a solution of the difficulties, 446. — First objection to the use of shares without par: effect on stockholders' liability, 451. — Their liability under present no-par stock laws, 452. — Can effective liability be secured without par value? 460. — Second objection: that no-par shares may be issued at too low prices, 462. — Conclusions, 464.
Introduction. The background out of which family allowances have developed. — I. Family allowances to governmental employees and by firms not affiliated with clearing funds. The payment of allowances for children of governmental employees, 252.—The adoption of this system by local governments, 253. — Family allowances on the railroads, 254. — Coal mines, 255. — II. The growth of clearing funds. — The beginnings of the clearing-fund movement in Grenoble, 257. — Extraordinary growth during 1920, 259. — Extent and scope of clearing funds, 260. — III. Allowances granted under the clearing funds. — Types of allowances given and amounts, 264. — Development of home visiting and social work, 265. — Degree to which allowances are adequate to meet extra expense occasioned by children, 267. — Ratio of allowances to pay-roll, 268. — IV. Further features of allowances, 269. — Rules concerning eligibility of worker and child for benefit, 270. — Practice as regards absenteeism, short time, and unemployment, 271. — V. Structure of the funds. — Trade vs. regional funds, 273. — Reasons for each, 274. — Tendency for regional funds to subdivide into federations of trade funds, 274. — Methods of allocating contributions to be made by the employers, 275. — Payment of allowances by firms or by funds, 280. — Payment to father vs. payment to mother, 281. — VI. The Bokanowski proposal, 284. — Sweeping features of proposed law, 285. — Opposition of employers prevented its enactment, 285. — The system imposed, however, on contractors for State work, 286. — State assistance to large families, 287. — VII. Why employers have introduced the system, 288. — Desire to avoid wage increases for all employees paramount reason, 289. — Attitude of trade unionists at first hostile, but has recently been modified, 292. — Organized labor wants to change system, not abolish it, 293.
Wholesale prices not a measure of farm conditions, 184. — Index numbers of prices paid to farmers, 186. — Course of prices paid to farmers during the agricultural panic, 190. — Prices in different regions, 191. — Variation in effects on farmers of different ages, 192.— Purchasing power of farm products, 197. — Effect of a declining price level on agricultural prosperity, 198. — Other index numbers concerning the agricultural depression, 204.—Wages of farm and city labor, 207.—How declining prices are met in agriculture and industry, 209. — Relation of cheap food to the building boom, 211. — How long will agricultural depression continue? 213.
The share of Hispanic America in the Foreign Trade of the United States in 1823, 466. — United States Exports to Hispanic America, 467. — Imports from Hispanic America, 471. — Difficulties in the trade: warfare, piracy, glutted markets, 473. — Trade with Brazil, 474. — With northern South America, 477. — With the independent West Indies, 478. — With the West Coast of South America; whaling, 483. — Interest in the American Trade in United States Congress, 485. — Summary, 486.
The comparison is of labor costs in the sense of quantity of labor per unit of output. — I. Coal in the United States and other countries, 98. — II. The United States and Great Britain: iron and steel; other articles, 102. — III. Window-glass in the United States, Belgium, and Sweden, 107. — IV. Cotton goods in the United States and Japan, 111.
Journal Article Marshall on Consumers' Surplus in International Trade Get access Allyn A. Young Allyn A. Young Harvard University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 39, Issue 1, November 1924, Pages 144–150, https://doi.org/10.2307/1883959 Published: 01 November 1924
Importance of the coal problem, 541. — I. Occasion for appointment of the Commission, 543. — The Federal Act of October, 1923, 547. — Personnel of the Commission, 548. — II. The bituminous branch of the industry; striking irregularity of production, 550. — The causes: seasonal demand, strikes, overdevelopment above all, 551. — Effects on labor, 559. — No radical remedy proposed by the Commission, 660. — Changes in railroad car distribution recommended, 561. — Readjustment of freight rates, 563. — The Commission fails to urge the use by the Interstate Commerce Commission of its power to veto building of lines or sidings not needed, 565. — III. Anthracite coal problems simpler, 566. — The fundamental problem is that of monopoly, 568. — The Commission proposes a graded tax on royalties, 570. — IV. Unionization and non-union fields, 572. — The Commission on the whole commends the United Mine Workers, condemns operators in non-union fields, yet takes a neutral attitude, 573. — V. The Reports have high educational value, the remedies suggested are inadequate, 577. — Some more far-reaching plan must come, 581.
I. Theories of the causes of crises and cycles: agnostic theories, 294.—Emphasis placed upon the influence of the credit system, 296.—Attention to the psychology of business men, 299.—Periodicity of commercial crises, 300. — Theory that banks cause the business cycle, 308.—Critics of the theory that banks cause the business cycle, 308. — Theory of the self-generating cycle, 309. — Influence of maladjustments of production, 312. II. Suggestions for moderating the cycle: loan policy, 316.—Variable discount rate, 319.—Surplus reserves at New York, 322.—Abolition of the payment of interest on deposits at New York, 325.—The call-loan evil at New York, 327.