Auditors' Assessments of the Likelihood of Error Explanations in Analytical Review
[Studies in psychology have reported that subjects tend to overestimate the likelihood of a hypothesized cause because they do not generate or consider an adequate set of alternative explanations. These findings have been reported in non-auditing domains. This study investigates the effect of alternative explanations on experienced auditors' analytical review judgments. In this article, I view analytical review as a diagnostic process that involves the generation and evaluation of hypothesized causes of unusual fluctuations in financial statement relations. In this diagnostic process, hypothesized causes are used to direct auditors' search for information. Auditors from two Big Eight accounting firms participated in two experiments conducted to examine whether making alternative explanations available to auditors reduces their initial assessments of the likelihood of a hypothesized cause. The effect of varying the number and strength of alternatives was also examined. The results of the first experiment show a decrease in the assessed likelihood of a hypothesized cause when alternative explanations are provided to auditors. Results of the second experiment show that varying the number of alternative explanations influenced the degree of reduction in such likelihood assessments, but varying the strength of alternatives had no effect. Overall, the results of this study could lead to improved audit efficiency and effectiveness.]