Vicissitudes in the Shipping Trade, 1870–1920 Get access E. S. Gregg E. S. Gregg New York City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 35, Issue 4, August 1921, Pages 603–617, https://doi.org/10.2307/1882428 Published: 01 August 1921

The reciprocity agreement of 1911, 574. — Its rejection by Canada, 578. — Reciprocity and the Underwood tariff, 582. — Canadian tariff amendments, 1911–20, 582. — The trade between the two countries, 1910–20, 585. — The present status of reciprocity in Canada, 588. — Conclusions, 591.

The problem: what is the sound and enduring solution of the tax problem? I. The surtaxes. (1) The surtaxes excessive. Their declining yield, 529. — (2) Tax-free securities, 530. — (3) Can the leaks be stopped, 532. — (4) Tax morality, 536. — (5) Theory of surtaxes, 537. — (6) The scientific solution, 539. — The immediate solution, 540. — II. Income taxes on corporations and business. (8) The income tax as a producer's or business tax, 541. — (9) Relation between personal and business income taxes, 542. — (10) The proposed corporation surtax, 544. — III. Basis of the Business Tax, 548. — (11) Shifting, 548. — (12) Simplicity versus equity, 551.

Nature of the study, 84. — Underlying assumptions of the study, 86. — I. Previous earnings of the representative consolidation compared with actual earnings, 90. — II. Estimated earnings of the representative consolidation compared with actual earnings, 91. — III. First-year earnings of the representative consolidation compared with later earnings, 93. — Table of fundamental data, 95.

Journal Article Charles Rist on Germany's War Finances Get access Joseph S. Davis Joseph S. Davis Stanford University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 36, Issue 1, November 1921, Pages 136–144, https://doi.org/10.2307/1883782 Published: 01 November 1921

T HE object of this study is to construct an index of wholesale commodity prices for a special purpose. That purpose is to measure changes in general business conditions during alternating periods of prosperity and depression. In other words, our problem is to select and combine seriesof wholesale prices of commodities in order to secure an index of business cycles. This is not the problem which, heretofore, makers of commodity price index numbers have had before them; their problem has been, rather, to measure changes in the cost of living or in the general exchange value of money. The price index of business cycles, which we present here, is a new type of index number constructed by methods adapted to the special object in view.

I. Theory and practise of the excess profits tax, 364.—II. Reasons for immediate repeal, 369. — 1. Prevailing opinion, 369. — 2. The income tax endangered, 370. — 3. Danger of administrative collapse, 371. — 4. "Invested capital" an insoluble problem, 374. — III. Theory of the present law: invested capital, 376. — The Excess Profits Credit, 380. — The Personal Equation, 384. — Borrowed capital, 385. — IV. Can the tax be perfected? Administrative discretion, 386. — Pre-war profits, 388. — True normal deduction, 389. — Scope of the tax, 390. — Future of the tax, 392.