Alan Kraus, Comment: Cohen, Maier, Schwartz and Whitcomb Paper, The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol. 14, No. 4, Proceedings of 14th Annual Conference of the Western Finance Association, June 21-23, 1979 (Nov., 1979), pp. 867-868

The majority of corporate bonds are callable before maturity at the option of the issuer. Unlike other security options (warrants, convertible bonds, etc.), the call provision cannot be resold; its value can be realized only by exercising it. The problem is to choose the optimal time to perform refunding (including the alternative of not refunding before maturity).

Alan Kraus, New Tests of the APT and Their Implications: Discussion, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 40, No. 3, Papers and Proceedings of the Forty-Third Annual Meeting American Finance Association, Dallas, Texas, December 28-30, 1984 (Jul., 1985), pp. 674-675

Alan Kraus, Term Structure with Uncertain Inflation: Discussion, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 32, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Finance Association, Atlantic City, New Jersey, September 16-18, 1976 (May, 1977), pp. 304-305

The purpose of this paper is to suggest simple procedures designed to cope with the effects of thin trading on event study tests. The procedures are directed at two central problems: (i) missing individual stock returns (i.e., days on which no trading is observed in a security), and (ii) the effect of a bid-ask spread on the time series behavior of daily stock return data. We attack these problems by explicitly incorporating them in the construction of a generating process for observed security returns. First, we develop a procedure for “filling in” missing returns. Then, we model a return-generating process of observed security returns that allows estimation of the variance of unobserved true security returns for use in hypothesis testing.

In an article published earlier in this journal [4], we studied the term structure of interest fates in a dynamic context. Instead of focusing on the yield curve at a point in time, we investigated the joint movement of short and long-term interest rates through time. We compared the cyclical behavior of the ninety-day Treasury bill rate and the ten-year U.S. government bond rate by using cross-spectral analysis. The data used for the analysis were obtained from regression-fitted yield curves. These fitted yield curves enabled us to obtain the monthly yields of securities of prespecified term to maturity. The derivation was done in a precise manner which at the same time is in line with most of the previous term structure studies.

It has been observed that when the level of interest rates rises all rates increase, but short-term rates rise systematically more than longterm rates. Over time, therefore, short-term rates experience wider fluctuations than long-term rates. This behavior, however, does not provide any clue as to which interest rate leads the other over the cycle. Most research on term structure of interest rates has focused on the yield curve at a point in time; little has been done to investigate the joint movement of short- and long-term interest rates through time. In this study, we compare the cyclical behavior of short-term and long-term interest rates in the United States during the period 1954–1967. The relationship between the 90-day Treasury bill rate and the 10-year U. S. Government bond rate is analyzed by the cross-spectral method.