Abstract Reviews the book "Proceedings Second International Conference on Accounting Education," by E.F. Castle.

Abstract In an examination of the 1959 published corporate financial reports of 600 companies in 1960' it was found that 421 or more than 70% referred to an employee stock option plan. It has been asserted in fact that well over 50% of the companies whose stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange have adopted some form of stock distribution plan for their employees. The courts have permitted stock option plans to be upset by litigation on the part of minority stockholders. One particularly sensitive matter involves developing, recommending, and adopting of stock option plans by parties directly benefiting even if later ratified by the stockholders. Stockholders have some basis at least to judge the adequacy of the consideration given by executives to the corporation. Certainly accountants can do no less than clearly indicate the total consideration given by the corporation and its relative significance. According to the author, no real effort is made to inform the stockholders fully as to the real cost of their managerial services.

Abstract Although social implications may exist, businesses are formed primarily in response to ownership conviction that profits can be obtained from operation. In order to measure operating results, to gauge the effectiveness of management and to estimate the vitality of the owners' investment, detailed knowledge of past performance is essential. Subsequent investors and creditors need to know past performance to estimate profit making potential. Accountants in public practice may well be facilitating the administration of economic activity by making themselves available for management services. Someone however, ought to be able to compute profitability for the owners and to tell them what net return for a given period of time has been enjoyed on their investment. Economists follow the principle that costs should be related to revenues on the same price level basis and that the income in one period should be compared with the income in another period on the same price-level basis. Determination of net income is certainly one of the important functions of the accountants.

Auditing, Job satisfaction, Maslow's theory, Motivation

Abstract Reviews the book 'Accounting Standards and International Finance,' by Joseph M. Burns.

Abstract Reviews the book "Foreign Exchange and the Corporate Treasurer," by John Heywood.

Reviews the book "International Business Enterprise," by Endel J. Kolde.