Disclosures, Firm size, Public listing, Financial reporting

A market is commonly called thin if a large change in price is associated with a small change in supply or demand. The concept of thinness can refer to the markets for stocks, bonds, any category of financial instrument, or even any type of good. Most frequently, thinness has been casually discussed with regard to bond markets and stock markets.

I. The Schall model, 478. — II. Interdependent utilities and the Edgeworth box, 479. — Conclusion, 480.

I. Introduction, 490. — II. A brief description of the system, 491. — III. Static welfare losses from foreign exchange pricing, 491. — IV. Revenue gains and losses, 495. — V. Other costs and offsets, 498. — Appendix A: general method: converting loss estimates to linear estimates around the regression means, 499. — Appendix B: methodology of welfare loss calculations, 500.

[This paper examines the determinants of the demand for labor by fourteen two-digit manufacturing industries of India, and in particular the role of factor prices and expectations, to aid understanding of the causes of the low rates of labor absorption in the manufacturing sector. This is done within the framework of neoclassical models of factor demand. A method is suggested for measuring expectations. Our results show that adverse factor prices, long adjustment lags, low output elasticities, and the shift in the industrial structure in favor of the capital goods sector are some of the more important factors responsible for the observed low rates of labor absorption. Finally, some implications of our results for studies relating to labor demand functions in general are discussed.]

Data from a pooled sample of 48 less developed countries on the relationship between population density/acre cultivated land and the proportion of cultivated land that has been irrigated were analyzed to determine the effect of population growth on irrigation investment. The data indicate that population density has a positive effect on the building of irrigation systems. This relationship was somewhat strengthened by the addition of variables such as the cultivated area as a proportion of the total area per capita income geographic dummies and the population density with respect to the countrys entire land area. In addition historical data suggest that population growth stimulates land clearing. An average of 18.4% of cultivated land in the countries analyzed is irrigated indicating a 1% increase in population density would produce a 0.48% increase in the stock of irrigated land. This 0.48% population growth elasticity for irrigation systems contrasts with Leiffs -.56 elasticity of national income savings. Additional research is required to determine the direction of the net effect of population growth on total investment; however it can be assumed that the effect on agricultural investment is positive.

M IGRATION studies using aggregate data IYL have noted the importance of differences in economic opportunity between areas on migration flows (Greenwood, 1969; Bowles, 1970; Fabricant, 1970). Studies using survey data have provided a more detailed profile of the characteristics identifying migrants, but have not incorporated the effects of economic incentives as fully as aggregate studies. Both approaches have noted significant differences in migration behavior among race or age groups, but neither has generated results which can be readily generalized to other groups of interest such as the poor. Recent interest in anti-poverty policies and income maintenance programs directed toward the poor suggest the need for explicit analysis of this group. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of economic incentives on migration for households grouped first by race and then by poverty level. The data, covering annual observation periods 1968-1969 and 1969-1970, focuses on households headed by persons less than fortyfive years old who are in the labor force at the beginning of an observation period (Institute for Social Research, 1970). The model takes the basic form

Robert H. Cramer, Stephen L. Hawk, The Consideration of Coupon Levels, Taxes, Reinvestment Rates, and Maturity in the Investment Management of Financial Institutions, The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol. 10, No. 1 (Mar., 1975), pp. 67-84

Morton I. Kamien, Nancy L. Schwartz; Cournot Oligopoly With Uncertain Entry12, The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 42, Issue 1, 1 January 1975, Pages 125–131