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The Regional Distribution of Population, Migration, and Climate

Quarterly Journal of Economics 1980 95(2), 293
Regional migration is analyzed utilizing a model that develops a system of urban areas. The areas differ in their endowment of a site-specific factor—climate is used as the example. The effects of differences in tax rates and technology are determined in a model where the price of housing is endogenous. Compensation for an inferior climate occurs through regional differences in income levels or the price of housing, dependent on the manner in which climate affects production or consumption. The market distribution of households is found to be suboptimal in cases where utility is derived directly from the consumption of climate. The locational choice of households is determined by a variety of factors. Recent contributions concentrating on climatic variations are Graves [1979], Graves and Linneman [1979], and Izraeli [1973]. A problem with the migration literature has been the lack of specifi-cation of a model that contains a system of urbanized areas. The model should determine the equilibrium size of urban areas. The migration flow results from the adjustment of the stock of population to changes

Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity, and Organizational Climate in a Public Accounting Firm

The Accounting Review 1980 55(4), 594-603
This is a study of perceived role conflict and role ambiguity by audit seniors in a large public accounting firm. Drawing on role theory, a model was developed to act as a framework to analyse both the potential consequences and source of role conflict and ambiguity. Hypothesized relationships were tested by the use of Pearson product-moment correlations and multiple regression. Both role conflict and ambiguity were found to be significantly related to several adverse consequences. Significant relationships were also found between role conflict and ambiguity and specific measures of the organizational climate of the CPA firm which were hypothesized to be potential sources of role stress.