The article presents a study conducted in 1970 among firms regarding the extent of use of operations research (OR) techniques in corporate planning. A questionnaire was sent out to the companies li...

Variances in employee and physician attitudes toward the desirability of merger are analyzed, controlling for age, length of service, trust in management, satisfaction with premerger conditions, anticipated benefits from merger, and degree of involvement in preliminary discussion about merger. Implications of the findings for effective management of merger implementation processes are discussed.

Distortion of upward communication by subordinates is viewed as instrumental for attainment of need-goals. The study investigates relationships between distortion of upward communication, needs of subordinates, and aspects of organizational climate. Distortion of upward communication is negatively related to level of security and positively related to achievement needs; also positively related to a ?heteronomous? organizational climate and negatively related to an ?autonomous? climate.

Seven levels of management from five electric utility companies rated eight cases involving infraction of rules by hourly workers on a disciplinary action scale. Higher level managers rated the cases more severely and cases involving safety violations were judged most severely by all managers. Among several demographic and structural variables examined, only number of managerial levels was associated with company differences in ratings.

This study examines the impact of size, technology, dependence, market condition, and organizational concern toward task environmental factors on decentralization. The results show that the degree of decentralization is influenced by the organizational concern toward task environmental factors and the degree of the firm?s dependence on other parent organizations.

Data are analyzed on 70 organizations in Britain (Birmingham), Canada (Toronto), and the United States (Ohio) using standard scales of Autonomy of Decision Making, Functional Specialization, and Formalization of Role Definition. The results show more written documents in North American organizations, but only marginal differences between countries on autonomy and specialization.