Offers a precise analysis of bargaining by means of a positive theory based on familiar economic concepts. Use of Nash theory; Components and the dynamic nature of bargaining process; Three conditions needed to satisfy the outcome of bargaining process; Analysis of the dynamic process of disagreement-concession-agreement; Fixed cost of bargaining; Nash condition of symmetry on the bargaining situation. (From Ebsco)
Легко прийти к поспешному заключению, что широко распространенное использование эмпирических методов является наглядным признаком пренебрежения мастерством, проявляемого менеджерами. В этой статье авторы, наоборот, доказывают, что эмпирические методы стоят в ряду наиболее эффективных средств для принятия оптимального решения. Они исследуют, как могут строиться и оцениваться хорошие эмпирические методы. В статье приводится также иллюстративное применение анализа. Метод моделирования используется для определения относящихся к делу свойств ряда альтернативных оценочных эмпирических методов и для сравнения их характеристик как руководящих принципов для принятия решений в однопродуктовой монополистической фирме.
The first half of 1962 witnessed one of the most precipitous decliues in stock market prices in recent history. In terms of the volume of trading and the magnitude of the daily erosion of stock values, one must look back to the crashed of 1929 and 1937 to find parallels. Moreover, the decline was not confined to U. S. stock prices, for a world-wide revaluation of equity values was transmitted from New York. For most professional financial observers of these developments, two aspects of the decline served as the foci of their analysis. There was first the sharp drop in the level of share prices. Second, and perhaps more interesting, there was a marked change in the structure of share prices, i.e. the relationships among equities of different characteristics.
Tax policy and investment behaviour: tax policy and the cost of capital services, estimates of the parameters of the investment function, the effects of tax policy on investment behaviour, Robert E. Hall and Dale W. Jorgenson application of the theory of optimum capital accumulation: theory of investment behaviour, econometrics of investment behaviour, estimates of the parameters of the investment functions, impact of tax policy on investment behaviour, Robert E. Hall and Dale W. Jorgenson technology and decision rules in the theory of investment behaviour: introduction, technology, objective function, optimal investment policy, decision rules, Dale W. Jorgenson the economic impact of investment incentives: introduction, postwar investment incentives in the United States, the economic analysis of investment incentives, current policy alternatives, direct impact, total impact, Dale W. Jorgenson the economic theory of replacement and depreciation: introduction, replacement, depreciation, form of the replacement distribution, Dale W. Jorgenson investment and production - a review: introduction, form of the production function - cross sections, form of the production function - time series, returns to scale, Dale W. Jorgenson the investment tax credit and counter-cyclical policy: summary, introduction, impact of the investment tax credit, alternative investment tax credits, appendices - the investment equation, optimization procedures, Roger H. Gordon and Dale W. Jorgenson inflation-proof depreciation of assets: the first-year system, administrative aspects, ... against two others, future economic impact, a better way, Alan J. Auerbach and Dale W. Jorgenson inflation and corporate capital recovery: introduction, theoretical frame-work, empirical implementation, capital recovery during the postwar period, proposed systems for capital recovery, Dale W. Jorgenson and Martin A. Sullivan the efficiency of capital allocation: introduction, technology and preferences, general equilibrium model, appendix - list of instrumental variables, Dale W. Jorgenson and Kun-Young Yun tax policy and capital allocation: introduction, tax policy, technology and preferences, general equilibrium model, tax reform, appendix - list of instrumental variables, Dale W. Jorgenson and Kun-Young Yun. (Part contents).
An attempt is made to make a contribution toward the theory of growth by analyzing the transition process through which an underdeveloped economy hopes to move from a condition of stagnation to one of self sustaining growth. Already accepted ideas are liberally drawn upon before proceeding to weave them into a general explanatory model of economic growth. The analysis begins with an economys first departure from quasistagnation or the initiation of the off Rostow defines this as a period of 2 or 3 decades during which the economy transforms itself in such a way that economic growth becomes subsequently more or less automatic. Its characteristics are a reduction of the rural proportion of the population a doubling of savings rates and the first marked and continuous flowering of industry stimulated by the availability of surplus labor. Arthur Lewis investigates the expansion of the capitalistic or industrial sector as it is nourished by supplies of cheap labor from the subsistence or agricultural sector. Lewis failed to present a satisfactory analysis of the subsistence or agricultural sector. Finally the economy must be able to solve its Malthusian problem if the process of development along a growth path is to prove successful. The contribution of this discussion is to construct a theory of economic growth of which the identified ideas constitute component parts. The 5 sections present the basic structure of the neglected agricultural sector generalize the previously static analysis by admitting the possibility of a change of productivity in the agricultural sector introduce changes in industrial productivity and the concept of a balanced growth criterion by means of which the termination of the take off process is formally defined present a prescise mathematical formulation of the theory which enables the making of certain quantitative conditional predictions as a 1st test of its empirical relevancy and integrate population growth as well as some other real world complexities into the model and investigate the notion of the critical minimum effort in relation to the length of the take off process.