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The influence of Country and Industry on Ethical Perceptions of Senior Executives in the U.S. and Europe

Bodo B. Schlegelmilch; Diana C. Robertson
Journal of International Business Studies 1995 26(4), 859-881
This paper reports the results of a large-scale survey among senior executives in the U.S., the U.K., Germany and Austria. The research provides empirical evidence on the variation of perceptions of ethical issues by country and type of firm. Our findings suggest that country and industry type have significant effects, both with regard to identification of ethical problems and the comprehensiveness of written ethics policies and ethics training.

Foreign Listing Location: A Study of MNCs and Stock Exchanges in Eight Countries

Shahrokh M. Saudagaran; Gary C. Biddle
Journal of International Business Studies 1995 26(2), 319-341 open access
This study aims to enhance our understanding of multiple listings by addressing the where question related to foreign listings. It examines factors that influence firms' choices of foreign stock exchanges. Based on a sample of 459 internationally traded MNCs, with at least one foreign listing on one of nine major stock exchanges (in eight countries) at year-end 1992, we find strong evidence that foreign listing locations are significantly influenced by 1) financial disclosure levels, and 2) the level of exports to a given foreign country.