Knowledge that Transforms

This study contrasts the structural perspective with the individual perspective in explaining group performance in a dynamic setting. The authors argue that these perspectives are not mutually exclusive but have different predictive powers at different group stages. Results from 45 project groups show (a) group structures provide stronger performance predictions at the later stage, whereas individual-based attributes do so at the earlier stage, and (b) different group structures and individual-based attributes provide distinctive insights at respective stages. This indicates the need to explore the potential bridge between the two perspectives in advancing group studies.

Factors related to the success and survival of skill-based pay (SBP) plans are addressed in a longitudinal study of 97 facilities. Results indicate that certain design features and support variables relate to increased workforce flexibility and to SBP survival, and supervisor support also relates strongly to SBP survival. The results also show that SBP plans are more successful and sustainable in manufacturing facilities than in service facilities, and SBP survival is less likely in facilities pursuing a technical innovation strategy. Implications of the research for theory and practice regarding SBP plans, compensation systems, and human resources management innovations are addressed.

Increasingly, small and medium enterprises are outsourcing human resource (HR) activities to professional employer organizations (PEOs). The authors draw on social network theory, transaction cost economics, and social exchange theory to examine how PEO and client characteristics moderate the impact associated with outsourcing human capital-enhancing HR services. Results from a study suggest that using a PEO for human capital-enhancing services was positively related to HR outcomes and that this relationship was stronger when a weak-ties service delivery model was used, client receptivity was high, and the PEO contract was more detailed.