Knowledge that Transforms

Scope of the paper: agricultural products chiefly, 521. — Present stage of developments, 522. — Existing commodity agreements: wheat, 523; coffee, 527; beef, 528; sugar, 528; tea, 530; non-agricultural products, 530; cartels, 531. — Buffer stocks, 532. — Wider distribution of food, 534. — Production adjustment, 536. — Chronic surpluses, 538. — Price stabilization: direct control schemes, 540; costs, 542.— Price lifting: tendency, 543; supporting prices, 544; desirability, 546. — The immediate postwar outlook, 547.— Conditions of success, 549. — Overhead organization, 551.

Scope of the paper: effects of a non-progressive balanced increase in the budget, 78. — The mechanics, 79. — Qualifications: character of government output, 82; competition with private enterprise, 83; effect upon the propensity to consume, 83; further effects of taxation, 85. — Comparison of income-generating measures, 88.

I. An importing country may sometimes find it profitable to act as a monopsonist, 229. — II. Case (1) : no foreign trade, 230. — Case (2) : entire home consumption imported, 230. — Case (3) : home consumption supplied by imports and domestic production, 233. — III. Gain of the monopsonist country is less than the loss of the exporting country, 236.— Comparison with Barone's reasoning, 238. — IV. Assumptions made, methods pursued, criteria favored, 239. — V. Summary of conclusions, 243.

Present vagueness of the concept, 359. — Proposed definition, 361. — The general terms of relationship: conditions of employment, 361; grievance procedures, 363; use of grievance machinery for disputes concerning interests, 366. — The obligations of mutuality: good faith, 371; strikes and lockouts, 372; joint concern, 374; continuity, 376; unilateral action, 377. — Employer and employees: employee organization, 379; employer organization, 381; employee representation on boards of directors, 382; mediation, 383; arbitration, 384. — Conclusion, 387.

Introduction, 503. — Classification of pre-war controls, 505. — Purposes of war-time controls, 507. — Techniques of war control, 511. — Negative and positive controls, 514. — Extension of controls, 516. — Personnel problems, 518. — Long-term effects of war controls, 519.

I. Introduction, 36. — II. The first issues of paper currency, 37. — III. Depreciation begins, 41. — IV. Why paper depreciated, 43. — V. Issues of paper for canals and by the Philippine Company, 45. — VI. Paper above par in 1786–1793, 46. — VII. Taxation, loans, and inflation during war with France in 1793–1795 and with England in 1796–1800, 50. — VIII. Paper in terms of specie in 1792–1800, 59. — IX. Reasons for depreciation in 1794–1800, 64. — X. Efforts to control depreciation, 65. — XI. Prices and wages, 72. — XII. Conclusions, 76.

I. Economic movements and population movements: personal capital, 572; emigration and migration, 576; non-economic factors, 577; the time factor, 578; primitive cultures and the ancient world, 579. — II. Wealth per capita and population: time and space, 582; secular increase, 583; class rates of mortality and natality, 583; social and political institutions, 583. — III. Determinants of population growth: the genesic forces, 585; the non-genesic forces, 587; residues, 592. — IV. Malthus' theories, 593. — V. Demographic trends: long-run influences, 598; the future, 600.

Taxation and the Conservation of Resources Get access The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 58, Issue 2, February 1944, Pages 157–195, https://doi.org/10.2307/1883316 Published: 01 February 1944

VI. Opinion, law, and population movements, 107. — VII. Optima: indices, 111; ophelimity and utility, 112; group differences, 113; individual vs. collective point of view, 114; population growth, 115. — VIII. Heterogeneity and selection: income distribution, 116; natality and mortality, 119; eugenic selection, 120; residues, 122; class circulation, 125. — IX. Conclusion: points emphasized or passed over, 129.

Significance of the problem, 246. — Opposition in elections relatively infrequent, 248. — No relation between opposition and method of election, 251. — The International Typographical Union: sub-lists, 253; the Brotherhood of the Union of North America, 255; the Wahnetas, 257; the Progressive Party, 258; election campaigns, 259; reasons for political divisions, 262.— Conclusions, 263.