Mario J. Miranda, Joseph W. Glauber, Estimation of Dynamic Nonlinear Rational Expectations Models of Primary Commodity Markets with Private and Government Stockholding, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 75, No. 3 (Aug., 1993), pp. 463-470

Economic models of politics typically use the expected value of a candidate's vote share to proxy electoral probability. In this paper, the authors introduce a risk calculation to augment the evaluation of a candidate's (or party's) expected vote share and they divide this risk element into its systematic and unsystematic components. For the same reason that systematic risk is a primary focus of portfolio management, the authors discover that an analogous systematic risk component is central to presidential elections. Their approach accounts for correlations in vote swings among states, piercing the fiction of a state-by-state or 'local' campaign strategy.

Use of disappearance data as proxies for actual consumption causes inconsistent estimates of own-price retail demand elasticities. A system of equations describing consumer, processor, and producer behavior is used to consistently estimate the retail demand elasticity for beef using available data while avoiding the restrictive assumption of fixed input proportions implicit in disappearance data. This approach yields an estimate of the own-price retail demand elasticity for beef of -0.45, which is more inelastic than the estimate (-0.66) obtained using a traditional approach. The methodology is applicable to other food commodities for which disappearance data serve as proxies for actual consumption.

Joseph A. Herriges, S. Mostafa Baladi, Douglas W. Caves, Bernard F. Neenan, The Response of Industrial Customers to Electric Rates Based Upon Dynamic Marginal Costs, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 75, No. 3 (Aug., 1993), pp. 446-454

Neil Bania, Randall W. Eberts, Michael S. Fogarty, Universities and the Startup of New Companies: Can We Generalize from Route 128 and Silicon Valley?, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 75, No. 4 (Nov., 1993), pp. 761-766