Knowledge that Transforms

This paper describes a continuous time model of an economy with finitely many infinitely-lived consumers and a finite number of capital goods. Two objectives are achieved. First, recursive (nonadditive) utility functionals are formulated and analyzed. Second, these preference functionals are applied to analyze the nature of efficient allocations in a dynamic economy. Two classes of global turnpike propositions are proven which provide the basis for a model of the long-run distribution of wealth. These propositions also provide new perspective regarding existing stability literature based on additive utilities. Copyright 1987 by The Econometric Society.

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This paper specifies and estimates a four-equation disequilibrium model of the consumption goods market in a centrally planned economy (CPE).The data are from Poland for the period 1955-1980, but the analysis is more general and will be applied to other CPEs as soon as the appropriate data sets are complete.This work is based on previous papers of Portes and Winter (P-W) and Charemza and Quandt (C-Q).P-W applied to each of four CPEs a discrete-switching disequilibrium model with a household demand equation for consumption goods, a planners' supply equation, and a "mm" condition stating that the observed quantity transacted is the lesser of the quantities demanded and supplied.C-Q considered how an equation for the adjustment of planned quantities could be integrated into a CPE model with fixed prices and without the usual price adjustment equation.They made plan formation endogenous and permitted the resulting plan variables to enter the equations determining demand and supply.This paper implements the C-Q proposal in the P-W context.It uses a unique new data set of time series for plans for the major macroeconomic variables in Poland and other CPEs.The overall framework is applicable to any large organization which plans economic variables.

This paper characterizes all utility derived demand systmes having Engel curves that are linear in both income and an arbitrary function of income. This class encompasses virtually all utility derived demand systems that have been estimated in the past using ag gregate data with explicit treatment of the problem of aggregation ac ross individuals. It includes extensions of the PIGLOG and PIGL class es that have similar properties to these classes, but allow for more general Engel curve shapes. This paper extends W. M. Gorman's study o f these forms primarily by characterizing systems of rank two. The ap plication of the characterized systems to problems of nesting, separa bility, flexibility, Engel curve analysis, estimation, and aggregatio n are briefly discussed. Copyright 1987 by The Econometric Society.

Previous analyses have shown that if a point is to be a core of a majority rule voting game in Euclidean space, when preferences are smooth, then the utility gradients at the point must satisfy certain restrictive symmetry conditions. In this paper, these results are generalized to the case of an arbitrary voting rule, and necessary and sufficient conditions, expressed in terms of the utility gradients of "pivotal" coalitions, are obtained.

On montre que l'estimateur de Manski-McFadden (1981) est asymptotiquement plus efficace que l'estimateur de Manski-Lerman (1977)

The authors discuss the unity between the two standard approaches to noncooperative solution concepts for games. The decision-theoretic approach starts from the assumption that the rationality of the players is common knowledge. This leads to the notion of correlated rationalizability. It is shown that correlated rationalizability is e quivalent to a posteriori equilibrium-a refinement of subjective corr elated equilibrium. Hence a decision-theoretic justification for the equilibrium approach to game theory is provided. An analogous equival ence result is proved between independent rationalizability, which is the appropriate concept if each player believes that the others act independently, and conditionally independent a posteriori equilibrium. Copyright 1987 by The Econometric Society.

In a multiple-regression model the residual variance is an unknown function of the explanatory variables, and estimated by nearest-neighbor nonparametric regression. The resulting weighted least-squares estimator of the regression coefficients is shown to be adaptive, in the sense of having the same asymptotic distribution, to first order, as estimators based on knowledge of the actual variance function or a finite parameterization of it. A similar result was established by R. J. Carrol l (1982) using kernel estimation and under substantially more restrictive conditions on the data generating process than ours. Extensions to various other models seem to be possible. Copyright 1987 by The Econometric Society.

The analogy principle proposes that population parameters be estimated by sample statistics which make known properties of the population hold as closely as possible in the sample. Applications of the analogy principle are ubiquitous. Nevertheless, estimation theory has not been studied from a consistent analog perspective. This paper makes a start.