Abstract Reviews the book "Office Management and Control," by George R. Terry.

Abstract Reviews the book "Elementary Cost Accounting," by George Hillis Newlove and S. Paul Garner.

Abstract This article proposes to investigate, review, and analyze the data which have been compiled on the subject of profitability in relation to size to determine the foundation on which the statement of large corporations being unprofitable has been based, and to comment on the validity of the assertion as it relates to the relative profitableness of corporations of different size. Such an analysis must necessarily be limited to the objective material available and will not enter into the broader discussion of the social and economic evils usually associated with, and often attributed to, monopoly or big business. No attempt will be made to evaluate the proposition that large-scale business necessarily results in a power position which is so antisocial that a reduction in size would be warranted, regardless of the possible outcome for efficiency and profitability. Such matters can be settled satisfactorily only after long investigation and will involve complex analyses of broad social policy.

Abstract As accountants, educators and executives, one is engaged almost continuously in the preparation of financial reports. One is convinced of the significance of financial reporting as a basis for intelligent executive action, and the importance of seeing that all reports contain the proper information and are designed to be of maximum use to the members of management who they are submitted. In this article the author reviews some of the principles and practices, which can be followed to render such reports as helpful and effective as possible. There are three levels of management to which financial reports must be made, top management, coordinating executives, and operating supervisors. The reports required by each vary in subject matter and in amount of detail, but the principles of reporting to each level are essentially the same. If the reports for top management should be comprehensive and concise, then so much the more should reports to operating supervisors be specific and concise, for the daily routines of production and selling demand that the supervisor be a man of action rather than an analyst.

Abstract Now that the U.S. Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice have become more active in their attack upon big business, it seems appropriate to analyze the relative efficiency of large-scale enterprise. The existence of this efficiency has been accepted by certain business groups and set forth as one if not the major justification for the continuance of such large corporations, while evidence to the contrary has been seized, at times enthusiastically and rather uncritically, as sufficient reason for demolishing the giants. Efficiency is a word which is used more often than it is understood. Perhaps this is because it can be employed in different ways which do not have a common meaning. As an economic term efficiency is necessarily related to cost, and that business is most efficient which has the ability to produce and market goods or services at the lowest cost possible under the environmental circumstances lacing the management. It should be quite obvious that comparability as to external circumstances is of primary significance. When businesses are operating under such conditions it is reasonable to conclude that the one with lowest cost is the most efficient. This low cost, however, is significant only if continued for a period of years, so that it is clearly based on efficiency of operation rather than on some unusually fortunate circumstance or accounting adjustment.

Abstract Accounting teachers can easily be so concerned to help their students grasp technicalities that they may miss the opportunity to drop suggestions now and then regarding the social service rendered by modern accounting. Business activities are such a prominent part of modern life that an elementary understanding of business, such as can be obtained through even a little study of accounting, can prepare the individual to be a more comprehending citizen. For example, business enterprises generate a very large amount of government revenue. Some understanding of enterprise accounting therefore provides some understanding of one of the bases on which modern government stands-government services paid for by revenue derived from business profits. Accounting not only gives us a glimpse of business as a generator of tax revenue but it helps us to realize that business, in one way or another, "is the paymaster of us all." Out of business activities comes wages of workers, wages of capital, wages of management. Business-by division of labor, by use of machine power, by developing mass distribution of products has created vast areas of employment for men and capital.

Abstract Reviews the book "Business and Government," by Charles C. Rohlfing, Edw. W. Carter, Bradford W. West and John G. Hervey.

Journal Article The Economic Law of Market Areas Get access C. D. Hyson, C. D. Hyson Oslo, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. P. Hyson W. P. Hyson Oslo, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 64, Issue 2, May 1950, Pages 319–327, https://doi.org/10.2307/1882699 Published: 01 May 1950