El proposito del articulo es analizar, utilizando modelos keynesianos, los efectos de las operaciones de mercado abierto y de las variaciones de los requisitos de reservas sobre las tasas de interes de prestamos y de depositos. Las conclusiones, aparentemente obvias, son que aumentos de los requisitos de reservas, comparado con disminuciones de la base monetaria, tienden a ampliar la brecha entre las tasas de prestamos y de depositos. Por ello, parece preferible utilizar las modificaciones de la base monetaria como instrumento de politica monetaria, a no ser la autoridad monetaria abone intereses por las reservas de los Bancos.

Abstract It would be a strange business that could exist for any length of time without incurring risks, this essay will be confined to the audit of banks and similar financial institutions. Insofar as the ordinary commercial house is concerned it would not be unfair to state that contingent liabilities are comparatively unimportant the reason being, of course, that the direct liabilities that have definitely been incurred in the course of trading are usually much greater than the risks which may or may not arise as the result of some unforeseen contingency. A banking company that holds partly paid stock or shares in a Limited-Liability Company is liable in case of need to pay up the "calls" made upon shareholders, and it is therefore easy to assess the bank's risk under this heading. The audit should include an inspection of the stock and a careful examination of its wording. The current accounting practice is to mention the amount for which the bank stands liable if a call of all the unpaid capital is made.