Abstract. Rent‐seeking by U.S. corporations, through tax accounting rules, is examined with respect to tax law changes in the 1980s. Results are supportive of theory. Campaign contributions by firms' Political Action Committees (and by their officers, directors, and employees) to tax‐writing members of Congress, prior to two tax law changes, are functions of industry concentration and anticipated (specific) tax accounting rule changes, the latter were drawn from footnotes of firms' financial statements. Other uses of the data for financial accounting research are discussed. Résumé. Les auteurs se penchent sur le cas des sociétés qui, aux États‐Unis, cherchent à promouvoir leurs propres intérêts, en s'efforçant d'influer sur le contenu des règles de comptabilité fiscale, relativement aux modifications qui ont été apportées à la loi fiscale dans les années 80. Les résultats obtenus confirment la théorie. Les contributions versées aux campagnes par les comités d'action politique des entreprises (et par leurs dirigeants, leurs administrateurs et leurs employés) aux membres du Congrès responsables de l'élaboration de la loi fiscale, avant les deux modifications apportées à cette loi, sont fonction de la concentration sectorielle et des changements anticipés dans l'apport de modifications (précises) des règles de comptabilité fiscale. Les mesures de cet apport ont été tirées des notes aux états financiers des entreprises. Les auteurs étudient d'autres usages possibles des données recueillies aux fins de la recherche en comptabilité financière.

Earnings announcements, Block trades, Information asymmetry, Permanent price effects

This paper examines the relation between management turnover and divestitures of recently acquired divisions. The empirical results indicate that at the time of a management change, there is an increased probability of divesting an acquisition at a loss or one considered unprofitable by the press. The probability increases by about the same amount regardless of whether the change is an apparent age-65 retirement or a resignation. Overall, the results are consistent with a variety of agency-based theories of corporate investment and suggest that management changes are important events for corporations because they lead to reversals of poor prior decisions.

This paper provides a comprehensive treatment of a basic income maintenance problem for a group of individuals who differ in their income generating abilities. It stresses the impact that imperfect information about such abilities has on programme design. The analysis serves two purposes. First, we are able to unify the theoretical literature on the income maintenance problem. Second, we examine the impact of allowing the government to impose workfare on recipients of income support. In addition to being of policy interest, this is a theoretically challenging problem since it requires solving a multi-dimensional screening problem. The solution that we find is strikingly simple. It separates the poor into two categories, with the lower income groups subject to workfare while facing a 100% marginal tax rate on earnings. The second group does no public work and is offered a benefit schedule which taxes earnings at a lower rate.

Jeffrey Englin, J. S. Shonkwiler, Estimating Social Welfare Using Count Data Models: An Application to Long-Run Recreation Demand Under Conditions of Endogenous Stratification and Truncation, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 77, No. 1 (Feb., 1995), pp. 104-112

Market responses to legislative reforms often mitigate the expected gains that reformers promise in legislation. Contemporaries hailed workers' compensation as a boon to workers because it raised the amount of postaccident compensation paid to injured workers. Despite the large gains to workers, employers often supported the legislation. Analysis of several wage samples from the early 1900s shows that employers were able to pass a significant part of the added costs of higher postaccident compensation on to some workers in the form of reductions in wages. The size of the wage offsets, however, was smaller for union workers.

This paper examines a recent sample of public workouts for distressed high-yield debt. The nature of holdouts and the effectiveness of coercive tactics in alleviating the holdout problem is analyzed. Tender offers are in relatively less financial distress, exhibit more severe holdouts, and are more coercive than exchange offers. Tender offers also have higher completion rates and fewer Chapter 11 filings. Security prices react positively to announcements of tender offers, negatively to exchange offers. Evidence suggests that coercion is not detrimental to bondholders, and may benefit security holders by increasing the likelihood of a less costly, out-of-court restructuring.