Auditing, Auditor judgement, Review process

Asset valuation, Valuation accuracy, Composite price index, Asset classes

[There are currently no definitive guidelines for reporting the current and noncurrent portions of lease obligations. Two possible approaches to this problem of allocation-the change in present value approach and the present value of the next year's payments approach-have been identified by Swieringa [1984]. This article addresses two aspects of this financial reporting issue. First, evidence is presented to show that the change in present value approach appears to be dominant in current financial reporting practice. Second, it is shown that adjustment of the reported financial statement numbers to those that would be obtained by the present value of the next year's payments approach does not affect the ranking of companies by a number of financial measures. These results suggest that the issuing of guidelines for reporting the current and noncurrent portions of lease obligations by the FASB is not warranted.]

[The study on perceptions of quality of accounting journals by Howard and Nikolai [1983] is extended to include respondents from the U.K., Australia, and New Zealand. There are highly significant correlations between the perceptions of faculty in these three countries. There is also a high correlation with the earlier U.S. study, though the ranking of a few journals is markedly different.]

Certain characteristics of managerial employment arrangements and of the managerial labor market make shareholder wealth dependent on an executive's continued employment. These wealth effects are investigated by examining the common stock price reaction to unexpected deaths of senior corporate executives. Abnormal stock price changes are documented for a sample of fifty-three events. These abnormal stock price changes are associated with the executive's status as a corporate founder and with measures of the executive's ‘talents’ and decision-making responsibility, and of the transaction costs associated with renegotiating or terminating the employment agreement.

Abstract. Assumptions serve as the basis from which we reason and therefore pervasively influence the nature of our understanding of any substantive area. Auditing is no exception. Yet, the core assumptions that underlie auditing thought have largely been left unexamined. The purpose of this paper is to examine the core ontological assumptions, (assumptions as to the primitive elements of what constitutes reality), and epistemological assumptions, (assumptions as to how knowledge is attained), that underlie contemporary auditing thought. It is concluded: 1) that auditing is characterized by an overwhelming domination of a functionalist paradigm, which views reality as concrete and objective (rather than uncertain and subjective) and which emphasizes a regularized, patterned existence (rather than one characterized by intrinsic tension and contradiction); and 2) that this paradigm ultimately influences and constrains our understanding of auditing. Alternative paradigms are used to examine the concepts of audit evidence and auditor consensus to dramatize the effects of making alternative assumptions of reality. Implications for practitioners and for researchers are also explored. Résumé. Les hypothèses servent de fondement à nos raisonnements et par conséquent, influencent l'essence de notre compréhension de tout domaine. La vérification n'est pas une exception et les hypothèses essentielles qui sous‐tendent la pensée en vérification, n'ont pas vraiment été examinées. L'objectif de cet article est d'examiner les hypothèses essentielles ontologiques (hypothèses concernant les éléments primitifs de ce qui constitue la réalité) et les hypothèses épistémologiques (hypothèses relatives au comment de l'atteinte de la connaissance) qui sous‐tendent la pensée contemporaine en vérification. On y conclut: 1) que la vérification est caractérisée par une domination écrasante d'un paradigme fonctionnel qui voit la réalité comme étant concrète et objective (plutôt qu'incertaine et subjective) et qui met l'emphase sur une existence régularisée et modelée (plutôt qu'une existence caractérisée par la contradiction et une tension intrinsèque); et 2) que ce paradigme influence et contraint ultimement notre compréhension de la vérification. Des paradigmes alternatifs sont utilisés pour examiner les concepts d'information probante et de consensus du vérificateur afin de dramatiser les effets d'utiliser des hypothèses alternatives de la réalité. Les implications pour les practiciens et les chercheurs sont également considérées.