Elchanan Cohn, Sherrie L. W. Rhine, Maria C. Santos, Institutions of Higher Education as Multi-Product Firms: Economies of Scale and Scope, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 71, No. 2 (May, 1989), pp. 284-290

Abstract. This paper describes and analyzes four attribute dimensions that have impacted contemporary accounting literature (CAL) between 1976 and 1984, and develops a model that predicts attribute levels in 1985 and 1986. The attribute dimensions studied are: accounting area, research method, school of thought, and geographical focus. Publication counts and citation analyses are performed on a data set of 1,110 accounting articles. The results suggest that linear trends exist over time in the publication and citation measures of selected attributes of accounting papers; that new or emerging attribute areas are more likely to be influential than are papers published in established areas; and that it is easier to predict the relative influence of publications that will exhibit certain attributes than it is to predict the number of papers that will be published with these attributes. Résumé. Les auteurs décrivent et analysent quatre aspects de préoccupation qui ont eu des répercussions sur les publications contemporaines en comptabilité entre 1976 et 1984 et créent un modèle permettant de prévoir les niveaux de préoccupation des années 1985 et 1986. Les aspects de préoccupation faisant l'objet de l'étude sont les suivants: le domaine comptable, les méthodes de recherche, les écoles de pensée et l'optique géographique. Les auteurs precèdent au dénombrement des publications et à l'analyse des citations sur un corpus de 1110 articles comptables. Les résultats donnent à penser qu'il existe des tendances linéaires, dans le temps, dans les mesures des publications et des citations relatives à des préoccupations choisies dans les articles comptables; que les publications dans des domaines de préoccupation nouveaux ou en émergence sont plus susceptibles d'influencer que ne le sont les publications dans des domaines établis; et qu'il est plus facile de prédire l' influence relative des publications portant sur certaines préoccupations qu'il ne l'est de prédire le nombre de documents qui seront publiés relativement à ces préoccupations.

Abstract This study tests the suppositions that (1) industries differ in their key success factors, and (2) firms whose strengths match those factors will perform well. A typology of mature industrial‐product industries, classified according to their core technology and transaction complexity, allows very strong prediction of key success factors in differing contexts. The ratings of key success factors by expert panels in six industries were in extremely close agreement with the hypotheses. Another set of expert panels in the six industries provided additional data which strongly indicated that firm profitability depends on having strengths that match the industry'S particular key success factors.

ABSTRACT Several recent articles have provided new evidence for the existence of price pressures by examining the price and volume effects associated with changes in the S&P 500. The present study extends this work by examining actual changes in institutional holdings following both additions to and deletions from the S&P 500. The results show that changes in institutional holdings in response to additions or deletions from the S&P 500 are positively correlated. In addition to providing further evidence for the existence of price pressure effects, the results also provide evidence of the very large institutional elasticities of demand for stock.

Increasingly the makeup of the top management group is believed to affect the development, identification and exploitation of strategic opportunities. This paper explains a creative management model, which goes beyond conventional strategic management, and identifies the behaviors of top managers needed for the ongoing renewal of their business. It is proposed these behaviors cluster and can be aligned with different and distinct cognitive styles or types. The implication is that top management groups should be composed of a mix of types. This paper posits a mix of Jungian types, Intuitives, Feelers, Thinkers and Sensors. This diversity can yield great strength if the differences can be focused and unified. Propositions and suggestions for further empirical research are developed.

Abstract This study examines potential explanations for performance differences among multinational enterprises (MNEs). The research variables, diversification strategy and degree of internationalization, involve basic elements of firms' strategy: range and relatedness of products, and relative emphasis on foreign versus domestic operations. The sample included the 100 largest MNEs from the U.S. and Europe. Diversification strategy was significantly related to MNE performance, extending Rumelt's seminal research to international business. Degree of internationalization was also significantly related to MNE performance.

To what extent has the increased supply by government of certain union-like services reduced the demand for union membership and thereby contributed to the decline in trade union density? The existing empirical evidence is meager and conflicting. The puropse of our paper is to reexamine the government substitution hypothesis, specifically with respect to the relationship between government welfare spending and union density. We test the hypothesis with time-series data using three alternative models of union growth. The advantage of this approach is that it will permit an assessment of how sensitive the results are to both specification and sample period changes. In all, we find the time-series evidence of a negative welfare effect on union density to be mixed. Copyright 1989 by MIT Press.