David K. Whitcomb, Liquidity and Market Structure: Discussion, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 43, No. 3, Papers and Proceedings of the Forty-Seventh Annual Meeting of the American Finance Association, Chicago, Illinois, December 28-30, 1987 (Jul., 1988), pp. 634-637

David K. Whitcomb, Session Topic: Investments--Empirical Studies: Discussion, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 32, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Finance Association, Atlantic City, New Jersey, September 16-18, 1976 (May, 1977), pp. 442-445

Robert A. Schwartz, David K. Whitcomb, Evidence on the Presence and Causes of Serial Correlation in Market Model Residuals, The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol. 12, No. 2 (Jun., 1977), pp. 291-313

In a recent article in this Journal, Amir Barnea [1] proposes a criterion for assessing the market-making efficiency of New York Stock Exchange specialists. The appealing aspects of Barnea's method are that it uses publicly available data (common stock prices) and operates on a variable of primary concern to investors, the variance of returns on common stock. The difficulty we see in applying his approach, however, is that Barnea's performance criterion can be sensitive to a number of factors in addition to any impact the specialist might have, and that effective specialist intervention might have either a positive or negative impact on the performance measure. Thus, his specialist ranking seems to be quite misleading, and his empirical findings appear to be amenable to a substantially different interpretation than that which he provides.

provide a valuable stimulus to competition beca'use of their insensitivity both to the overall level of entry barriers and to several of the entry barriers taken separately.16 Such a stimulus might be decreed of significant benefit to Canada by the Foreign Policy Review Agency, whlich screens all new foreign direct investment in Canada. However, should this stimulus be givep relatively little weight by the agency, then the composition of entrants into Canadian manufacturing industries is likely to change such that the overall level of entry barriers will be raised substantially.17