Journal Article The Quantitative Aspect of the British Population Problem—A Survey Get access E. Grebenik E. Grebenik London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 10, Issue 1, Winter 1942, Pages 43–52, https://doi.org/10.2307/2967494 Published: 01 December 1942
Journal Article Wartime Concentration of British Industry Get access Mary E. Murphy Mary E. Murphy Hunter College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 57, Issue 1, November 1942, Pages 129–141, https://doi.org/10.2307/1881816 Published: 01 November 1942
Abstract In discussing the role of accounts in the administration of the affairs of the United States Government, the author talks about the history and development of accounts and the relation of Federal accounting to business accounting. It is indeed encouraging that the President of the United States and the Director of the U.S. Bureau of the Budget are committed to a comprehensive program of placing the accounts of the Federal Government upon a sound basis, which would compare favorably with those of commerce and industry. It is the author's fervent hope that the program will so commend itself to the U.S. Congress during the coming session that the Legislative branch of the Government will give its support and encouragement to those officers in the Executive branch who are desirous of providing the Congress and the American people with more informative over-all financial statements relating to the operations and condition of the Government. The author commends to readers thoughtful consideration a careful examination of the basic principles prescribed in Executive Order No. 8512, and would welcome their suggestions with respect to their application to the accounting and reporting procedures of the Federal Government.
Abstract The article focuses on a symposium on various accounting principles underlying corporate financial statement. Those who have been charged with responsibility for activities of the American Accounting Association and its predecessor during the last 15 years frequently have occasion to recall the annual meeting held six years ago. For nearly ten years various members had proposed a restatement of aims and purposes of the association: a broadening of its expressed scope to cover the range of activities in which it seemed actually to be engaging and a more direct participation in practical affairs where national associations up to that date had seemed to be devices for the protection and defense of members, rather than mediums for the clarification and expansion of their fields of endeavor. Among other things, the devising of unequivocal statements of professional principles and policies had been suggested as a major project, notwithstanding that the normal interests of the association had been variously described as belonging to the realm of theory, pure science and academic narrowness.
Abstract Cost analysis in electric-utility accounting has been somewhat neglected in the U.S. The common attitude has been that since there is only one product in most cases, the determination of cost per kilowatt-hour at various points in the generative and distributive process is as far as cost analysis need go. Many of the larger private and municipal utilities, however, have given serious attention to the possibilities of more extensive cost analysis. The estimates of the detail of expenses at various levels of output need to be studied to show which items were fixed and semi-fixed, and which could be more properly classed as variable. Since in an electric utility the productive capacity required is that necessary to take care of the peak load (with a reasonable margin of safety), it is a simple matter to reason that those customers who demand service at the time of the peak should bear the capacity costs in proportion to their respective demands at that time. They are the customers who are responsible for the peak and the advocates of the method hold that such customers should bear the costs of providing and maintaining the necessary capacity.
Abstract At a Chicago, Illinois, meeting in 1926 one session was a roundtable on examinations in elementary accounting and the interest displayed in that program suggested that further discussion of the same topic would be welcomed. This session is therefore devoted to the subject of examinations but will consider examinations at the different levels, elementary accounting, advanced accounting, and the postgraduate C.P.A. examinations. At the Chicago meeting considerable interest was disclosed in the subject of objective examinations in elementary accounting, and it seemed at that time that the department at Minnesota had gone farther than most departments in the use of such examinations. President of the association has therefore asked the author to have a member of the staff present some materials, which they have developed in that form. A good many instructors still feel skeptical about the adaptability of this form to the held of accounting and it is hoped that this discussion will give some idea of the various types of questions which may be used and how the usual criticisms against this form may be eliminated. Objective questions are more difficult to prepare than problems and it takes a number of years of experimentation and improvement to obtain satisfactory questions and to remove flaws which necessarily appear in first attempts in this direction.