W RITING in I942 in the preface to his it monumental study, An Dilemma, Gunnar Myrdal stated . . not since Reconstruction has there been more reason to anticipate fundamental changes in race relations, changes which will involve a development toward the ideal.' How far has society gone since the time of Myrdal's statement toward achieving a basic element of that American ideal of which he wrote, the provision of equal job opportunities irrespective of race? Two recent major studies concerned with the economic impact of racial discrimination in the United States have given sharply conflicting answers. Professor Ginzberg found that: