Guaranty, not insurance, 229. — The temporary plan, 230. — The permanent plan, 230. — Cost to the banks, 232. — Saving on interest payments, 234. — No provision for accumulation of reserves, 235. — Assessments not according to risks, 236. — Discrimination against large banks, 237. — Possible benefits: protection of depositors, 238; restoration of confidence, 239; safeguarding against general runs, 239. — Banking reform the proper goal, 240. — May be retarded, 241. — State experience, 241. — Possible developments: without amendments, 242; with amendments, 242. — Guaranty only a palliative, 244.