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An Investigation of Market Microstructure Impacts on Event Study Returns.

Journal of Finance 1991 46(4), 1523-36
The authors investigate the importance of bid-ask spread-induced biases on event date returns as exemplified by seasoned equity offerings by NYSE listed firms. They document significant negative return biases on the offering day, which explain a large portion of the negative event date returns documented in the literature. Buy-sell order flow imbalance is prominent around the offering and induces a relatively large spread bias. If order imbalances are suspected, the researcher can use returns calculated from the midpoint of the closing bid and ask quotes instead of returns calculated from closing transaction prices to avoid this return bias.

Macroeconomic Forces, Systematic Risk, and Financial Variables: An Empirical Investigation

Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 1991 26(4), 559
This paper assesses the ability of financial statement variables to forecast sensitivities to systematic risk factors generated by a multifactor, macroeconomic forces model. Forecasts of beta derived from financial variables are shown to outperform naive, random walk forecasts, although Bayesian-adjusted betas perform as well as the financial variables model.

An Investigation of Market Microstructure Impacts on Event Study Returns

Journal of Finance 1991 46(4), 1523-1536
We investigate the importance of bid‐ask spread‐induced biases on event date returns as exemplified by seasoned equity offerings by NYSE listed firms. We document significant negative return biases on the offering day which explain a large portion of the negative event date return documented in the literature. Buy‐sell order flow imbalance is prominent around the offering and induces a relatively large spread bias. If order imbalances are suspected, the researcher can use returns calculated from the midpoint of the closing bid and ask quotes instead of returns calculated from closing transaction prices to avoid this return bias.

An Investigation of Market Microstructure Impacts on Event Study Returns

Journal of Finance 1991 46(4), 1523
We investigate the importance of bid-ask spread-induced biases on event date returns as exemplified by seasoned equity offerings by NYSE listed firms. We document significant negative return biases on the offering day which explain a large portion of the negative event date return documented in the literature. Buy-sell order flow imbalance is prominent around the offering and induces a relatively large spread bias. If order imbalances are suspected, the researcher can use returns calculated from the midpoint of the closing bid and ask quotes instead of returns calculated from closing transaction prices to avoid this return bias.

Capsule Commentaries.

The Accounting Review 1985 60(4), 774-784
The article discusses several books about various topics. Some of the books are: "Deterring Fraud: The Internal Auditor's Perspective," by W. Steve Albrecht, Ketth R. Howe and Marshall B. Romney, "Management Control in Nonprofit Organizations," 3rd ed., by Robert N. Anthony and David W. Young, "Business Expansion Scheme," by Brian Armitage, "Bank Accounts: A World Guide to Confidentiality," by Edouard Chambost, translated by Peter Walton and Margaret Thompson, "The Tangled Web of Price Variation Accounting: The Development of Ideas Underlying Professional Prescriptions in Six Countries," by F.L. Clarke, "Fore-Runners of Realizable Values Accounting in Financial Reporting," edited by G.W. Dean and M.C. Wells, "Careers in Accounting," by Gloria L. Gaylord and Glenda E. Ried, "Bridges to Infinity: The Human Side of Mathematics," by Michael Guillen, "Bond Duration and Immunization: Early Developments and Recent Contributions," edited by Gabriel A. Hawawini, "Foundations: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of American Institutions," edited Harold M. Keele and Joseph C. Kiger, "The Impact of Taxes on U.S. Citizens Working Abroad," by Ernest R. Larkins.