Less extreme cases, however, are even more worrisome, primarily because the distortions in the solutions are less easy to identify. As shown above, (Nim)1 and (N1m) 2 without distortions differ in this illustration by 20 per cent of their mean value. WYhile it is easy to flag this difference for a steady series like labor force, there are many series, e.g., inventory investment, for which a 20 per cent jump is nothing to cause surprise. Further, if the relevant