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Does Sunlight Kill Germs? Stock Market Listing and Workplace Safety

Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 2023 58(4), 1645-1674 open access
Abstract This study highlights the positive impact of a stock market listing on workplace safety. We find that workplace injuries in publicly listed firms are lower than those in comparable private firms, and this effect relates to heightened monitoring by the media and regulators. The media pays more attention to public firms’ safety issues than to those of private firms, and the reduced media scrutiny due to local newspaper closures leads to greater increases in injuries in public firms. Regulators also monitor public firms more strictly, evidenced by a higher likelihood of nonroutine inspections and larger penalties for detected violations.

When school ties meet geography: Education-province bias in mutual fund portfolios

Journal of Banking & Finance 2023 157, 107021
Fund managers tilt towards stocks from the location of their tertiary education (education province). We find that, compared with their peers, fund managers overweight stocks headquartered in their education provinces. This overweighting differs from other biases, such as local bias, hometown bias, and educational ties, and is detrimental to fund performance. Funds with more education-province bias have poorer fund performance and higher idiosyncratic risk than those with less bias. Further analysis shows that education-province bias is more evident during poor market times, among underperforming funds, for stocks with less information asymmetry, in economically depressed provinces, and when fund managers are educated at lower-ranked institutes. Overall, our findings suggest that education-province bias is largely attributed to fund managers’ familiarity bias.