Abstract The article comments on the use of fourteenth-century financial statements for teaching accounting. Historical source materials have long been recognized and appreciated as a learning tool in the social sciences. They help to explain the development of concepts, the reasons for their development, and alternative solutions to a variety of problems. Furthermore, the traditional emphasis on skill training in American accounting education left little room for and did not encourage experimentation with historical materials for educational purposes. The term "reserve" itself, is used rather loosely as an expense on the Profit and Loss Statement and as a liability on the Balance Sheet, leading to the conclusion that it means no more than an estimated amount; it is not used here as a precise technical term for an account with a specific function within a double entry framework. Although the pool of ready-to-use source materials is still somewhat restricted, there are books available containing anthologies of limited scope from which materials can be drawn for classroom use. Quite obviously there is some work to be done; but there is also an opportunity for extending the scope and for enriching the quality of accounting education.

Abstract The comparative studies of accounting and other fields of knowledge have so far been rather rare. It seems odd that in accounting which by its very nature is concerned with monetary, therefore measurable, values, the concept of scientific measurement has been slow in developing. Since ancient times, accounting has been primarily concerned with the recording of the facts of a transaction, such as receipts or disbursements, and the value placed on the transaction was of only incidental significance. Only since the industrial revolution has the measurement of accounting values, as compared to recording techniques, received increased attention. The development and gradual refinement of cost accounting methods involved not only the determination of costs, but also analytical processes and comparisons between cost items which made scientific measurement of the primary data a logical prerequisite. The expansion of the corporate form of business and the resulting necessity of making financial data available to a broader public, on the other hand, led to comparative statements and the establishment of various kinds of ratios which required a refinement of tools in measuring primary balance sheet data.

Abstract New Stock of a private corporation may be issued for cash or other consideration payable immediately or it may be offered for subscription, with the provision that payment is to follow at a later date. If a subscriber to capital stock does not pay for his shares at the time when such payment is due, his shares may be forfeited to the corporation, depending on the law of the state of incorporation, the provisions of the corporation's charter, and on the particular situation. Various accounting methods have been designed to record the transactions incidental to such forfeiture of stock subscriptions on the books of the issuing corporation; however, the treatment of these cases is not uniform. The main difficulty lies in the fact that statutory law largely governs the procedure for forfeiture of subscriptions and that the statutes of the different states contain different rules on the subject. This situation is further complicated in that some of these rules are open to different interpretations, in that certain questions of law have been decided differently by different courts even under the same statute. Finally, difference of opinion as to how far accounting procedure should be adapted to statutory rules may lead to different results.

Abstract Reviews the book "Lexique U.E.C," 2nd ed.

Abstract Reviews the book "A History of Accounting in America: An Historical Interpretation of the Cultural Significance of Accounting," by Gary John Previtis and Barbara Dubis Merino.

Reviews the book, "The History of American Management: Selections From the Business History Review," edited by James P. Baughman.

Reviews the book "Accounting in England and Scotland: 1543-1800; Double Entry in Exposition and Practice," by B.S. Yamey, H.C. Edey and Hugh W. Thomson.

Abstract More than 600,000 young men and women are expected to pursue programs in collegiate business education by 1970. This will double the present enrollment, according to the American Association of Collegiate Schools of Business. Unless drastic steps are taken there will be a shortage of 2,800 teachers in business schools and departments alone. Accounting departments will be among the first to feel the impact of this "impending tidal wave" of students. A round table discussion to consider what accounting departments could do to meet the many problems associated with increasing enrollments was conducted at the 1957 American Accounting Association Convention. In preparation for the session the chairmen undertook an analysis of present teaching practices in elementary accounting throughout the country in the hope that the information collected would be useful in evaluating the different solutions that might be proposed. At the same time, accounting teachers should be preparing themselves for the parts which they are to play in planning their participation in the education of young people in and out of college about the developments in the field of electronic data processing. The purpose of this article is to give accounting teachers a point of contact with electronic data processing, omitting specialized terms and techniques, with sufficient information, so that interest may be created and action may be taken in changing curricula in accounting.

Abstract When a student enrolls in one of our classes we feel, as we are sure you do if you are a teacher, that we have an obligation to give him everything, accounting- wise, that one can during the time in which he is with others. In fact we feel that this obligation or responsibility encompasses not only the student but also his parents, the accounting department, the university, the state and last but not least the accounting profession. People feel sure that in many instances the use of visual aids helps in fulfilling this obligation. Not only are such aids frequently time-saving in the presentation of a given amount of information, but also they often permit one to present a greater quantity of information and, at the same time, more up-to-date information. Transparency projection, although one of the newest types of projection, is, in many instances, rapidly becoming one of the most popular. This type of projection, which is basically the same as that frequently used in bowling alleys whereby scores are grease-pencilled on transparent sheets and projected upon a screen, often provides an instructor with many opportunities for imparting more information in less time.

Abstract The path leading to a degree with a major in accounting is a rugged one at best. Obstacles are to be encountered at every turn. Many an eager student has dashed confidently down this path only abruptly to encounter a sizeable obstacle known as partnership dissolution resulting from the admission of a new partner. Managerial Accounting as a course of study represents a recent addition to the accounting curriculum of many schools of higher education. The addition of this course reflects the current demand for an approach to accounting that emphasizes the utilization of accounting data for management planning and control. At the present time many accounting departments are in the process of reevaluating their entire accounting curriculum to determine to what extent present offerings may continue to serve their traditional purpose as well as fulfill the need for an approach which takes into greater consideration the managerial aspect. The non-accounting major terminates his study of accounting with the Managerial Accounting course. The accounting major, almost without exception, takes the same Managerial Accounting course as the non-major which means that he takes the course between Introductory Accounting and Intermediate Accounting.