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American Economic Review 2016

Income Distribution and Development: Some Stylized Facts

Montek S. Ahluwalia

Abstract

In recent years, the relationship between income distribution and the process of development has come under increasing scrutiny. Much of the debate has focused on the hypothesis, originally advanced by Simon Kuznets, that the secular behavior of inequality follows an inverted U-shaped pattern with inequality first increasing and then decreasing with development. This hypothesis has become so much a part of the conventional wisdom on this subject that it has generated considerable skepticism about the welfare implications of the development process. Indeed, on some interpretations, developing countries face the grim prospect not just of increasing relative inequality, but also of declining absolute incomes for the lower income groups.

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