Energy Substitution in U.S. Manufacturing
Industrial energy demand is estimated for each Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) two-digit manufacturing industry using flexible cost functions to derive the systems of demand equations. Industries are found to vary significantly in the characteristics of their energy demand. The price and quantity consumed of electricity, fuel oil, natural gas, and coal are included in the model. Electricity demand is found to be the least responsive and fuel oil demand the most responsive to price. The results show a significant cross price as well as own price elasticity for all types of energy. Policy considerations should keep in mind that short-run responses of demand to price will be smaller than long-run effects. The effect of price changes on fuels used for power generation will also be reflected in the demand for oil, natural gas, and coal. 19 references. (DCK)
- DOI
- 10.2307/1928702
- Volume
- 59 (4)
- Pages
- 381
- Export
- BibTeX
- Sources
- openalex crossref