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Price Negotiation with Merchant Heterogeneity in the Payment Card Industry

Chun-Yu Ho¹; Li Xu²; Daiqiang Zhang¹

¹ Department of Economics, University at Albany, State University of New York · ² Antai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Abstract We examine price negotiation in the payment card industry by exploiting a unique merchant-, industry-, and city-level data set. Motivated by the substantial variation in acquirer fees and heterogeneous merchant card transactions, we use Nash bargaining to model the negotiation over the acquirer fee between an acquirer and a merchant. We find that the merchants secure a larger incremental surplus than the acquirer on average. Moreover, merchants might face upward pressure on acquirer fees as the card penetration rate rises over time, and policies that weaken the acquirer's bargaining power could relieve the upward fee pressure.

DOI

10.1162/rest_a_00986

Volume

104 (6)

Pages

1191-1205

Language

en

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