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The Identification Zoo: Meanings of Identification in Econometrics

Arthur Lewbel

Boston College

Journal of Economic Literature 2019

Over two dozen different terms for identification appear in the econometrics literature, including set identification, causal identification, local identification, generic identification, weak identification, identification at infinity, and many more. This survey: (i) gives a new framework unifying existing definitions of point identification; (ii) summarizes and compares the zooful of different terms associated with identification that appear in the literature; and (iii) discusses concepts closely related to identification, such as normalizations and the differences in identification between structural models and causal, reduced form models. ( JEL C01, C20, C50)

DOI
10.1257/jel.20181361
Volume
57 (4)
Pages
835-903
Language
en
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