← Search Journal of Applied Psychology 1996 Meta-analysis of the relationships between Kerr and Jermier's substitutes for leadership and employee job attitudes, role perceptions, and performance. Philip M. Podsakoff; Scott MacKenzie; William H. Bommer DOI10.1037//0021-9010.81.4.380 Sources semanticscholar openalex Cite APA 7 MLA 9 Chicago (author–date) Harvard Elsevier Harvard (JFE, JBF…) The Accounting Review Academy of Management American Marketing Association INFORMS (Management Science) Copy citation Copied ✓