It Is commonplace within the confines of finance literature to explain variations in the firm's residual income stream via the dichotomy of business risk and financial risk. On an ex-post basis the business risk of the enterprise is a direct result of the firm's investment decision and is, thereby, embodied in its asset structure. It follows that the company's cost structure, product demand characteristics, intra-industry competitive position, and managerial talent all affect its business risk posture.

This paper analyzes the accuracy of the risk-based capital formula for property-liability insurers that was adopted in 1993 by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). A logit analysis is conducted on a large sample of solvent and insolvent insurers spanning the period 1989–1993. Predictive accuracy is very low when the ratio of NAIC risk-based capital to actual capital is the sole indendent variable in the logit analysis, but accuracy improves significantly when the components of the formula and variables for firm size and organizational form are used as regressors. Improvements in the formula are needed to facilitate prompt corrective action and reduce insolvency costs.

Current refugee resettlement processes account for neither the preferences of refugees nor the priorities of hosting communities. We introduce a new framework for matching with multidimensional knapsack constraints that captures the (possibly multidimensional) sizes of refugee families and the capacities of communities. We propose four refugee resettlement mechanisms and two solution concepts that can be used in refugee resettlement matching under various institutional and informational constraints. Our theoretical results and simulations using refugee resettlement data suggest that preference-based matching mechanisms can improve match efficiency, respect priorities of communities, and incentivize refugees to report where they would prefer to settle. (JEL C78, D82, J15, J18)

1. An Introduction to Financial Management.Appendix: Methods of Depreciation. 2. The Role of Financial Markets and Interest Rates in Financial Management. 3. Evaluating a Firms Financial Performance and Measuring Cash Flow. 4. Financial Forecasting, Planning, and Budgeting. 5. The Time Value of Money. 6. Risk and Rates of Return.Appendix: Measuring the Required Rate of Return: The Arbitrage Pricing Model. 7. Bond Valuation. 8. Stock Valuation.Appendix: The Relationship Between Value and Earnings. 9. Capital-Budgeting Decision Criteria. 10. Cash Flows and Other Topics in Capital Budgeting. 11. Capital Budgeting and Risk Analysis. 12. Cost of Capital. 13. Analysis and Impact of Leverage. 14. Planning the Firms Financing Mix. 15. Dividend Policy and Internal Financing. 16. Working-Capital Management and Short-Term Financing. 17. Cash and Marketable Securities Management.Appendix: Cash-Management Models: Split Between Cash and Near Cash. 18. Accounts Receivable, Inventory, and Total Quality Management. 19. Term Loans and Leases. 20. The Use of Futures, Options, and Currency Swaps to Reduce Risk.Appendix: Convertible Securities and Warrants. 21. Corporate Restructuring: Combinations and Divestitures. 22. International Business Finance. Appendix A: Using a Calculator. Appendix B: Compound Sum of $1. Appendix C: Present Value of $1. Appendix D: Sum of an Annuity of $1 for n Periods. Appendix E: Present Value of an Annuity of $1 for n Periods. Appendix F: Solutions for Selected End-of-Chapter Problems. Glossary. Organization Index. Subject Index.

ABSTRACT This paper uses pre‐offer market valuations to evaluate the misvaluation and Q theories of takeovers. Bidder and target valuations (price‐to‐book, or price‐to‐residual‐income‐model‐value) are related to means of payment, mode of acquisition, premia, target hostility, offer success, and bidder and target announcement‐period returns. The evidence is broadly consistent with both hypotheses. The evidence for the Q hypothesis is stronger in the pre‐1990 period than in the 1990–2000 period, whereas the evidence for the misvaluation hypothesis is stronger in the 1990–2000 period than in the pre‐1990 period.