Journal Article Economics and Insurance Get access L. T. Little L. T. Little London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 5, Issue 1, October 1937, Pages 32–52, https://doi.org/10.2307/2967578 Published: 01 October 1937

Journal Article Numerical Computation of the Elasticity of Substitution Get access A. L. Bowley A. L. Bowley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 5, Issue 1, October 1937, Pages 60–65, https://doi.org/10.2307/2967580 Published: 01 October 1937

Dynamics of the Crisis: A Suggestion Get access G. L. S. Shackle G. L. S. Shackle London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 4, Issue 2, February 1937, Pages 108–122, https://doi.org/10.2307/2967608 Published: 01 February 1937

Abstract Financial statements are important tools of the intelligent investor. The investor wishes that more attention be given to substance rather than form in financial statements and in reports to governmental agencies such as the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Accountants should recognize that investors are the principal group interested in published financial statements, and that more attention should be given to completeness rather than technical accuracy, particularly in the income statement. Public accountants are influenced to some extent by the managements of businesses which employ them. Resulting financial statements, then, are compromises to a greater or less degree. A substantial part of corporate capital is supplied by investing stockholders and bondholders. Such investors exercise practically no control over the affairs of the companies involved. If results are not satisfactory to them their alternative is to sell. If the results appear to be attractive their alternative is to buy more. Controlling stockholders dominate the management and are in position to influence management policies in order to protect or improve their commitments.

Abstract The object of all business enterprises from earliest times has been the making of profit and the acquisition of more wealth. Budgeting occupies a prominent and permanent place in the field of business administration. Although budgeting, in the modern sense, was a postwar development in business management and had extensive application first in the United States, the beginnings of budgetary procedure of various other countries is also discussed in the article. Some of the European countries have recently been adopting budgetary procedures in their industries. Germany seems to be taking the lead. French business journals have contained reports of successful budgetary developments in the United States and some accounts of experiments carried on in French industries. In Russia the famous five year plan for economic production has centralized business budgeting in the machinery of the national Soviet government, while in Italy the national government also directs and controls to a large degree industrial operations. Belgium and Switzerland are also making some progress in the application of budgetary procedures.

Reviews the book "Office Management," by John H. MacDonald.

New attitudes and new standards, 663. — The data, 664. — Income elasticities for different foods, 665. — Calorie content of diets, 669. — Comparisons with scientifically determined diets, 671. — Nutrition and education, 676. — Nutrition and income, 677. — Nutrition and agricultural poHcy, 679.