This paper numerically solves the call option valuation problem given a fairly general continuous stochastic process for return volatility. Statistical estimators for volatility process parameters are derived, and parameter estimates are calculated for several individual stocks and indices. The resulting estimated option values do not differ dramatically from Black-Scholes values in most cases, although there is some evidence that for longer-maturity index options, Black-Scholes overvalues out-of-the-money calls in relation to in-the-money calls.

Journal Article Real Estate Assets and Consumer Spending Get access Kul B. Bhatia Kul B. Bhatia University of Western Ontario Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 102, Issue 2, May 1987, Pages 437–444, https://doi.org/10.2307/1885072 Published: 01 May 1987

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how a two-part compensation system composed of a rigid base salary and a flexible bonus can reduce turnover. It is shown that bonus pay is an effective retention device if it is risk reducing and is correlated with outside contract offers. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a model of bonus payments is tested with U.S. instead of Japanese data. The empirical results are suggestive of the conditions that give bonuses an important, even dominant, role in worker retention.

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"This paper designs a multiarmed bandit (MAB) sequential model for the analysis of the migration-job search process. The implications either are compatible with well-known migration behavior or, when novel, are also plausible. For example, regions with large wage variability attract migrants, and regions with large nonpecuniary returns increase both in migration and out migration. A major advantage of this approach is the relative ease with which martingale estimators can be derived from the martingale structure of the model. These martingale methods are exemplified for the return migration phenomenon."

This study presents a logistic regression model which is used to identify U.S. companies that are likely to have their financial statements qualified for going concern reasons. The model is developed using financial statement data for a sample of failing companies. Validation tests performed on independent samples of bankrupt and nonbankrupt companies indicate that the model has reasonable explanatory power. The findings from this study indicate that the auditor's qualification for companies in financial distress is correlated with variables derived from financial statement data. The variables that are consistently identified as being closely associated with the auditor's decision whether to qualify his opinion are recurring operating losses and change in a company's liquidity position. Résumé. Cette étude présente un modèle de régression logistique utilisé afin d'identifier les sociétés américaines dont les états financiers sont susceptibles d'être accompagnés d'une opinion avec restriction quant à la permanence de l'entreprise. Le modèle est construit à l'aide de données tirées d'états financiers provenant d'un échantillon d'entreprises en difficultés. Des tests de validation effectués sur des échantillons indépendants de société faillies et non‐faillies, indiquent que le modèle démontre une capacité explicative acceptable. Les résultats de cette étude montrent une corrélation entre, d'une part, l'opinion avec restriction dans le cas de sociétés en difficultés financières et entre, d'autre part, des variables tirées des données d'états financiers. Les variables qui sont régulièrement identifiées comme étant reliées de près à la décision du vérificateur d'émettre un rapport avec restriction, sont les pertes d'exploitation répétitives et la variation dans la position de trésorerie d'une société.

This paper studies the random walk, in a general time series setting that allows for weakly dependent and heterogeneously distributed innovations. It is shown that simple least squares regression consistently estimates a unit root under very general conditions in spite of the presence of autocorrelated errors. The limiting distribution of the standardized estimator and the associated regression t statistic are found using functional central limit theory. New tests of the random walk hypothesis are developed which permit a wide class of dependent and heterogeneous innovation sequences. A new limiting distribution theory is constructed based on the concept of continuous data recording. This theory, together with an asymptotic expansion that is developed in the paper for the unit root case, explain many of the interesting experimental results recently reported in Evans and Savin (1981, 1984).

Antitakeover amendments (shark repellents) restrict the transfer of corporate control. On average, the public announcement of antitakeover amendments by 600 firms in the period 1979–1985 has an insignificant effect on the value of announcing firms' shares. However, different types of amendments have varying effects. Non-fair-price amendments have an average significant negative effect of 2.95% on share prices, while fair-price amendments have an insignificant effect. The more harmful amendments have larger insider holdings and lower institutional holdings, suggesting a partial explanation of why shareholders approve these amendments.