In recent years there has been a growing interest in the application of behavioral science procedures to managerial accounting procedures. However, it is becoming increasingly apparent that the usefulness of the managerial accounting procedures in planning and controlling business operations depends to a great extent upon effective human relations. There have, been several studies emphasizing the psychological effect of various phases of budgeting which provide background for the research reported in this paper.' Since the control phase of managerial accounting necessarily points out individual efficiency and inefficiency, the psychological impact on the individual is profound. Becker and Green stated that feedback of performance results is essential for good morale; it is imperative for each participant to know whether he should feel success or failure. Communicating knowledge of results acts, in this case, as reward or punishment. It can serve either to reinforce or extinguish previous employee behaviors. 2 The empirical research reported in this paper is the first part of a two-phase study of the psychological effect of performance reports. This experiment was designed primarily to test the psychological impact of frequency of feedback. Three groups of students participated

Journal Article Private and Social Costs in the Theory of Second Best Get access M. McManus M. McManus University of Birmingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 34, Issue 3, July 1967, Pages 317–321, https://doi.org/10.2307/2296680 Published: 01 July 1967

Production Functions in which the Elasticities of Substitution stand in Fixed Proportion to Each Other: A Comment Get access M. S. Ramanujam M. S. Ramanujam Delhi School of Economics Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 34, Issue 4, October 1967, Page 432, https://doi.org/10.2307/2296564 Published: 01 October 1967

I. Introduction, 271. — II. Food and the price mechanism, 272. — III. — Effects of price control, 276. — IV. Rationing, 279. — V. The right combination of food policy measures, 281.

Journal Article The Optimality of Pure Competition in the Capacity Problem: Comment Get access James M. Buchanan James M. Buchanan University of Virginia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 81, Issue 4, November 1967, Pages 703–705, https://doi.org/10.2307/1885590 Published: 01 November 1967

I. Returns and costs in the nonrivalrous case, 359. — II. The general rivalry problem, 363. — III. Specific duopoly models, 367. — IV. Solution concepts, 371. — V. Specific Cournot reaction patterns, 377. — VI. The N-firm problem, 389. — VII. Welfare implications, 392. — VIII. Conclusion, 394.

R. P. Manes, J. M. Samuels, D. J. Smyth, Inventories and Sales: A Cross Section Study, Journal of Accounting Research, Vol. 5, Empirical Research in Accounting: Selected Studies 1967 (1967), pp. 139-156

This article is concerned with the theory of the bottleneck problem experienced by a developing economy, say that of an underdeveloped country which is trying to achieve specified production goals over a fixed time period, where there is competition for restricted resources and limited external aid, including for example competition between the needs for consumer goods and capital goods. The problem is viewed as a generalized type of nonlinear programming problem. Mathematically, a basic difficulty in such a model is of course its enormous size; and it is desirable to find methods of testing approximate solutions. One such test is provided by the duality theory of nonlinear programming, which is shown to apply to this situation, so that the problem can be regarded as either of two distinct problems, which are shown to have the same optimal solution. Economically, these two problems may be described in terms of determining the optimal procedure at any given time during the period in terms of what has already happened, or alternatively in terms of what is required to happen subsequent to that time. The two problems involve respectively maximization and minimization, so that, in particular, upper and lower bounds for the value of production can be calculated for any particular production plan.