We show that there exist separate security market lines (SMLs) for debt and equity securities in an equilibrium with differential taxation of debt and equity. We characterize the conditions under which these SMLs have the same price of risk (with different intercepts) and the conditions under which the tax effect of leverage is linear in debt value as in the adjusted present value method. We explore the implications of our results for cost of capital calculations: How to calculate the cost of capital for debt and equity and how to unlever betas correctly accounting for differential taxation.

We find round number clustering in orders submitted by investors in Israeli IPO auctions. Explanations offered for price clustering, such as dealer collusion or implicit agreement to simplify negotiations, cannot explain price clustering in this market. Therefore, this is direct evidence that investors prefer round numbers.