We demonstrate that a persistent pattern exists in the evolution of the MTB ratio from 1999 to 2023, wherein firms with high (low) MTB ratios tend to maintain those levels over time. The persistence of the MTB ratio is independent of industry effects and cannot be well explained by accounting performance. Intangible investment plays a crucial role in determining the MTB ratio, and its persistence is primarily maintained through continued internal intangible investment rather than external mergers and acquisitions. Moreover, although U.S. firms have increased their investment in intangible assets over the past 25 years, the gap between high- and low-MTB firms in intangible investment has widened. Our results suggest that the basis of stock value has shifted from tangible to intangible investments over time.

We examine whether requiring a Party committee to lead corporate governance at listed state-owned enterprises (SOEs) affects firm value in China. We find that the market reacts positively to the inclusion of Party leadership in SOEs' governance structure and that the prospect of a crackdown on SOE corruption is likely to be the reason. The China governance model is strikingly different from other known models, and our findings suggest that a convergence of the corporate governance system of different countries due to globalization might not be the only outcome.