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Competitive advantage and competitive dynamics

Marketing Science 2002
Understanding competitors means locating and defining their main elements. The first element is participants - companies that compete and create a network of rivalry. Apart from our company it includes other participants in the market (investors, consumers, distributors, providers and producers of substitute and complementary products). The other element is additional value - net profit and loss which every competitor brings to the others. Measuring of additional value requires measurement of value for every single company, and then comparing it with situation without that company. The third element is the rules which create a structure and a system in which the battle is proceeded. The rules may be written (laws, contracts) or non-written (habits, culture, spoken deals). The forth element is tactics - maneuvers of the company in creating profit and competitive advantage. Four main tactics are prevent, attack, discourage and react. The fifth element is the bounders of the market competitors.

The Variety of an Assortment

Marketing Science 2002
In recent years, interest in category management has surged, and as a consequence, large retailers now systematically review their product assortments. Variety is a key property of assortments. Ass...

Phytotherapy natural products: Promotional mix features

Marketing Science 2002
Development of products takes into account organized and controlled planning of changes of inner self and toward the environment. That means the creation of an active force, which should bring changes in other words, it should change the person who participates in the process of creation or in the consumption of the product. It tried to induce customers to purchase through methodologies and promotion strategies which stand to our sen'ice by the change in the way of thinking of the medical and pharmaceutical profession and users of helpful means. The input of marketing within the control of the outcomes, leaders techniques and promotion strategies by the production of helpful healthy means has a very big meaning.

International marketing brand image

Marketing Science 2002
The brand is at same time a name, mark, symbol, design of their combination. In contributes to the identification and differentiation of a market product, product mix or company. The brand none exists solely in the communication and through the communication with consumers. The brand being as preferred, leads to the familiarity with the consumer who insists on buying it. In marketing communication, the brand name announces its uniqueness and permanent identity. Owning one's own brand contributes to the creation of company's positive and strong image -communicational target and profit - economic target.