Lean management and transaction management offer complementary perspectives on cost reduction to the business organization.Lean management focuses on preventing waste in production and is drawn from the business practice.The focus of transaction management is a reduction of transaction costs in the internal and external organization of the firm.The emphasis is on value creation on the long run.Transaction management is based on the theories of transaction cost economics and the new institutional economics.From these theoretical perspectives, with tree Nobel prize winners as originators (Coase, North and Williamson), it may contribute to the strategic management of the firm.

This paper examines the role of uninsured deposits as a source of thrift funding from 1984 to 1994, and tests whether uninsured depositors have adjusted their holdings at thrifts in response to market forces, such as indications of impending institutional failure. It also examines how the reactions have changed over time as new legislation has been implemented. The study finds that failed institutions exhibit declining proportions of uninsured deposits-to-total-deposits prior to failure and that failing institutions attract fewer deposits from uninsured depositors prior to failure than do solvent institutions. Though there are some differences between the periods, the empirical results indicate that uninsured deposits will be governed by market discipline and that reducing the insurance limits on deposits will increase market discipline on thrifts.

Lawrence G. Goldberg, John T. Rose, The Effect on Nonmember Banks of the Imposition of Member Bank Reserve Requirements--With and Without Federal Reserve Services, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 31, No. 5 (Dec., 1976), pp. 1457-1469

A model of mean reversion of exchange rates to purchasing power parity is developed and tested where exchange rates are assumed to follow a mean reverting elastic random walk toward a stochastic PPP rate. The model recognizes the possibility that mean reversion towards PPP may be nonlinear which allows greater flexibility in the adjustment process. Regression equations consistent with the theoretical model are derived. The model is tested using long- and short-term data for six countries. While the results are generally consistent with the findings of previous studies, evidence is presented which demonstrates that the mean reversion process is not linear for some countries.