A Fast Literature Search Engine based on top-quality journals, by Dr. Mingze Gao.
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Results 238 resources
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Many states are implementing school-finance reforms which will have complex effects on income distribution, intergenerational income mobility, and welfare. This paper analyzes the static and dynamic effects of such reforms by constructing a dynamic general equilibrium model of public-education provision and calibrating it using U.S. data. The authors examine the consequences of a reform of a locally financed system to a state-financed system which equalizes expenditures per student across districts. They find that this policy increases both average income and the share of income spent on education. Steady-state welfare increases by 3.2 percent of steady-state income. Copyright 1998 by American Economic Association.
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This paper examines the connection between layoffs, executive pay, and stock prices. Firms that announce layoffs in the previous year pay their CEOs more, and give their CEOs larger percentage raises than firms which do not have at least one layoff announcement in the previous year. However, the likelihood of announcing a layoff varies dramatically along other dimensions, for example firm size, which are also correlated with CEO pay. Once firm-specific fixed effects are controlled for, the CEO pay premium for laying off workers disappears. In addition, there is a small negative share price reaction to layoff announcements. Copyright 1998 by American Economic Association.
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In this paper, the authors develop an applied general equilibrium model to examine the effects of tax-favored retirement accounts on the capital stock. The results from their benchmark model indicate that a modest individual retirement account (IRA) contribution limit similar to that in effect during the early 1980s raises the steady-state capital stock by 6.18 percent; approximately 9 percent of IRA contributions constitutes incremental saving. The authors' results lend support to recent suggestions that retirement accounts with favorable tax treatment only for contributions above some base amount might provide more stimulus to saving than conventional IRAs. Copyright 1998 by American Economic Association.
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This paper establishes a methodology for valuing the impact of large-scale ecological changes in a market. Given the large capital stocks inherent in most ecological systems, the dynamic nature of most ecological change, and the dynamic response of markets, it is critical to build dynamic models to capture the resulting effects. This paper demonstrates how to construct such a model using the impacts of climate change on U.S. timber markets as an example. Across a wide range of scenarios and models, warming is predicted to expand timber supplies and thus benefit U.S. timber markets. Copyright 1998 by American Economic Association.
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The authors study interactive situations in which players are boundedly rational. Each player, rather than optimizing given a belief about the other players' behavior, as in the theory of Nash equilibrium, uses the following choice procedure. She first associates one consequence with each of her actions by sampling (literally or virtually) each of her actions once. Then she chooses the action that has the best consequence. The authors define a notion of equilibrium for such situations and study its properties. Copyright 1998 by American Economic Association.
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Research on the labor-supply consequences of childbearing is complicated by the endogeneity of fertility. This study uses parental preferences for a mixed sibling-sex composition to construct instrumental variables (IV) estimates of the effect of childbearing on labor supply. IV estimates for women are significant but smaller than ordinary least-squares estimates. The IV are also smaller for more educated women and show no impact of family size on husbands' labor supply. A comparison of estimates using sibling-sex composition and twins instruments implies that the impact of a third child disappears when the child reaches age thirteen. Copyright 1998 by American Economic Association.
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The authors study a one-sector growth model where capital investment is credit financed and there is an adverse selection problem in credit markets. The presence of adverse selection creates an indeterminacy of equilibrium. Many equilibria display permanent fluctuations characterized by transitions between Walrasian regimes and regimes of credit rationing. Cyclical contractions involve declines in real interest rates, increases in credit rationing, and withdrawals of savings from banks. For some configurations of parameters, all equilibria display cyclical fluctuations. The authors provide sufficient conditions for deterministic cycles consisting of m periods of expansion followed by n periods of contraction to exist. Copyright 1998 by American Economic Association.
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