A Fast Literature Search Engine based on top-quality journals, by Dr. Mingze Gao.
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Results 250 resources
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The authors consider how the organization of rural markets will affect capital accumul ation and long-run aggregate income in the development process. They show that in a simple, dual economy, overlapping-generations model, c apital accumulation and aggregate income will be lowest when both fac tor markets in the agricultural sector are fully competitive. Both ca pital and aggregate income will be higher when land is not traded but the labor market is competitive, and highest in the absence of compe titive markets in both factors in the agricultural sector, when incom e distribution favors rural workers over landlords. Copyright 1988 by American Economic Association.
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Positive models of public-utility regulation should capture personal incentives of regulators. A regulatory objective function is specified by appea l to standard human concerns coupled with politics and processes pecu liar to public-utility regulation. Constraints a rational regulator w ould impose on the firm are thereby derived, and connections between regulatory objectives and regulatory rules illuminated. Results inclu de theoretical rationales for "rate-of-return" regulation in a worl d of certainty, and a largely neglected type of "rate-of-return" re gulation under (symmetric) uncertainty. Other forms of regulation sho uld also be explicable in terms of personal motives of human regulato rs. Copyright 1988 by American Economic Association.
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The authors relax the assumption of the literature on international coordination that policymakers know the true model. T wo countries will still be able to agree on a cooperative policy pack age that each believes will improve the objective function relative t o the Nash noncooperative solution. However, the bargaining solution may move the target variables in the wrong direction. These points ar e illustrated with monetary and fiscal multipliers taken from simulat ions of ten leading econometric models. Out of 1,000 possible combina tions of models that could represent U.S. beliefs, non-U.S. beliefs, and the true model, monetary coordination improves U.S. welfare in on ly 546 cases. Copyright 1988 by American Economic Association.
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This paper adopts Keynes' view that shocks to the marginal efficiency of i nvestment are important for business fluctuations, but incorporates i t in a neoclassical framework with endogenous capacity utilization. I ncreases in the efficiency of newly produced investment goods stimula te the formation of "new" capital and more intensive utilization and accelerated depreciation of "old" capital. Theoretical and quantitat ive analysis suggests that the shocks and transmission mechanism stud ied here may be important elements of business cycles. Copyright 1988 by American Economic Association.
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This paper examines the effects of restrictions on international financial m arkets in a general equilibrium, rational expectations model of a two -country world. State-contingent financial markets allow households t o allocate wealth optimally across states so that the imposition of e xchange and capital controls has, roughly speaking, only substitution effects but no wealth effect. Taxes or quantitative controls on purc hases of foreign currency and on the income from foreign assets reduc e international trade in goods, lower ex post welfare in the country in which they are imposed, and affect nominal prices and the exchange rate. Copyright 1988 by American Economic Association.
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This paper presents a strategic theory of contract renegotiation. In this theory, suboptimal contracts are put in place initially to protect one party against undesirable a ctions by another party and are renegotiated once the danger is past. The authors develop a model to establish the cases in which simple contracts cannot achieve desirable outcomes, so that only a complicated contract or renegotiation will serve. Unlike most previous accounts of contract renegotiation, this theory does not rely on exogenous uncertainty to motivate renegotiation. Copyright 1988 by American Economic Association.
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A computer-controlled portfolio selection task with three risky assets and either with or without a riskless asset was devised to test experimentally assumptions underlying the separation theorem and the capital asset pricing model. Two differently paid groups of subjects completed individually up to 300 portfolio selection problems. Although most of the subjects diversified among the risky assets, the introduction of a riskless asset did not have the effect predicted by the separation theorem, nor were the subjects affected by systematic changes in the variance-covariance matrix governing the risky returns. However, performance improved as the reward was increased tenfold. Copyright 1988 by American Economic Association.
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